October 13 leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar . There are 79 days remaining until the end of the year.
409 - Vandals and Alans crossed the Pyrenees and appeared in Hispania .
1282 - Nichiren Daishonin, founder of the Nichiren School of Buddhism , dies. His ashes are interred at Taisekiji Temple.
1307 - Hundreds of Knights Templar in France are simultaneously arrested by agents of Phillip the Fair , to be later tortured into "admitting " heresy .
1492 - Columbus and his crew land in the Bahamas
1582 - Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in Italy , Poland , Portugal and Spain .
1773 - The Whirlpool Galaxy was discovered by Charles Messier
1775 - The United States Continental Congress orders the establishment of the Continental Navy (later renamed the United States Navy ).
1792 - In Washington , the cornerstone of the United States Executive Mansion (known as the White House since 1818 ) is laid.
1812 - War of 1812 : Battle of Queenston Heights - As part of the Niagara campaign in Ontario , United States forces under General Stephen Van Rensselaer are repulsed from invading Canada by British and native troops led by Sir Isaac Brock .
1843 - In New York City , Henry Jones and 11 others found B'nai B'rith (the oldest Jewish service organization in the world).
1845 - A majority of voters in the Republic of Texas approve a proposed constitution, that if accepted by the U.S. Congress , will make Texas a U.S. state .
1870 - The Kappa Kappa Gamma fraternity is founded at Monmouth College in Monmouth , by six pioneering women.
1881 - Revival of the Hebrew language as Eliezer Ben-Yehuda and friends agree to use Hebrew exclusively in their conversations.
1885 - The Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) is founded in Atlanta .
1884 - Greenwich established as universal time meridian of longitude.
1890 - The Delta Chi fraternity is founded by 11 law students at Cornell University in Ithaca .
1892 - Edward Emerson Barnard discovers D/1892 T1 (Barnard 3), the first comet discovered by photographic means, on the night of October 13-14.
1917 - The "Miracle of the Sun" is witnessed by an estimated 70,000 people in the Cova da Iria in Fátima .
1918 - Mehmed Talat Pasha and the Young Turk (C.U.P.) ministry resign and sign an armistice, ending Ottoman participation in World War I .
1923 - Ankara replaces Istanbul as the capital of Turkey .
1943 - World War II : The new government of Italy sides with the Allies and declares war on Germany .
1944 - World War II : Riga , the capital of Latvia is seized by the Red Army .
1946 - France adopts the constitution of the Fourth Republic .
1958 - Burial of Eugenio Pacelli, Pope Pius XII on the 41st anniversary of the "Miracle of the Sun" .
1960 - 1960 World Series : Pittsburgh Pirates second baseman Bill Mazeroski becomes the first person to end a World Series with a home run , as the Pirates beat the New York Yankees , four games to three.
1967 - The first game in the history of the American Basketball Association is played as the Anaheim Amigos lose to the Oakland Oaks 134-129 in Oakland .
1971 - 1971 World Series : The first night game in World Series history is played at Pittsburgh's Three Rivers Stadium between the Baltimore Orioles and Pittsburgh Pirates .
1972 - An Aeroflot Ilyushin Il-62 crashed outside Moscow killing 176.
1972 - Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571 crashes in the Andes mountains, in between the borders of Argentina and Chile . By December 23 , 1972 only 16 out of 45 people lived long enough to be rescued.
1976 - A Bolivian Boeing 707 cargo jet crashes in Santa Cruz killing 100 (97, mostly children, killed on the ground).
1976 - The first electron micrograph of an Ebola viral particle was obtained by Dr. F.A. Murphy , now at U.C. Davis , who was then working at the C.D.C. .
1977 - Four Palestinians hijack Lufthansa Flight 181 Somalia and demand release of 11 members of the Red Army Faction .
1983 - Ameritech Mobile Communications (now Cingular ) launched the first US cellular network in Chicago .
1990 - End of the Lebanese war . Syrian forces launch an attack on the free areas of Lebanon removing General Michel Aoun from the presidential palace.
1993 - Captured American Pilot Mike Durant is filmed in an interview in captivity by a CNN camera crew.
1999 - The United States Senate rejects ratification of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT).
2003 - The Public Library of Science commences publication of an open access scientific journal , PLoS Biology .
1162 - Leonora of England , Queen of Castile (d. 1214 )
1474 - Mariotto Albertinelli , Italian painter (d. 1515 )
1566 - Richard Boyle , Irish politician (d. 1643 )
1613 - Luisa of Medina-Sidonia , queen of Portugal (d. 1666 )
1696 - John Hervey , English statesman and writer (d. 1743 )
1713 - Allan Ramsay , Scottish painter (d. 1784 )
1714 - Pieter Burmann the Younger , Dutch philologist (d. 1778 )
1768 - Jacques Félix Emmanuel Hamelin , French explorer (d. 1839 )
1820 - John William Dawson , Canadian geologist (d. 1899 )
1821 - Rudolf Virchow , German physician, pathologist, biologist, and politician (d. 1902 )
1853 - Lillie Langtry , British actress (d. 1929 )
1862 - Mary Kingsley , English writer and explorer (d. 1900 )
1876 - Rube Waddell , American baseball player (d. 1914 )
1878 - Patrick Joseph Hartigan , Australian Roman Catholic priest (d. 1952 )
1880 - Sasha Cherny , Russian poet (d. 1932 )
1887 - Jozef Tiso , Slovak politician (d. 1947 )
1890 - Conrad Richter , American novelist and short story writer (d. 1968 )
1900 - Gerald Marks , American songwriter (All of Me ) (d. 1997 )
1902 - Arna Wendell Bontemps , American writer (d. 1973 )
1907 - Yves Allégret , French film director (d. 1987 )
1909 - Art Tatum , American jazz pianist (d. 1956 )
1909 - Herbert Block , American cartoonist (d. 2001 )
1911 - Ashok Kumar , Indian actor (d. 2001 )
1915 - Terry Frost , English artist (d. 2003 )
1915 - Cornel Wilde , American actor (d. 1989 )
1917 - Laraine Day , American actor
1917 - George Virl Osmond , Osmond family patriarch (d. 2007 )
1917 - Burr Tillstrom , American puppeteer (d. 1985 )
1918 - Robert Hudson Walker , American actor (d. 1951 )
1920 - Laraine Day , American actress (d. 2007 )
1921 - Yves Montand , Italian-born singer and actor (d. 1991 )
1923 - Faas Wilkes , Dutch footballer (d. 2006 )
1925 - Lenny Bruce , American comedian (d. 1966 )
1925 - Margaret Thatcher , Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
1925 - Gustav Winckler , Danish singer (d. 1979 )
1926 - Ray Brown , American jazz bassist (d. 2002 )
1927 - Lee Konitz , American jazz saxophonist
1931 - Eddie Mathews , American baseball player (d. 2001 )
1931 - Raymond Kopa , French footballer
1932 - Jack Colvin , American actor (d. 2005 )
1933 - Raynald Frechette , Quebec politician and judge (d. 2007 )
1933 - Queen Narriman , second and last wife of King Farouk and mother of their only child King Fuad (d. 2005 )
1934 - Nana Mouskouri , Greek singer and politician
1937 - Sami Frey , French actor
1938 - Hugo Young , English journalist (d. 2003 )
1939 - T. J. Cloutier , American poker player
1939 - Melinda Dillon , American actress
1940 - Pharoah Sanders , American saxophonist
1941 - Paul Simon , American singer and musician (Simon and Garfunkel )
1942 - Jerry Jones , American football team owner
1942 - Pamela Tiffin , American film actress
1942 - Bob Bailey , American baseball player
1944 - Robert Lamm , American musician (Chicago )
1945 - Christophe , French singer
1945 - Dési Bouterse , Surinam politician
1946 - Edwina Currie , British politician
1947 - Sammy Hagar , American singer (Van Halen )
1947 - Jerry Trupiano , American sports broadcaster
1947 - Alan Wakeman , English saxophonist (Soft Machine )
1948 - John Ford Coley , American musician
1948 - Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan , Pakistani musician and singer (d. 1997 )
1948 - Ted Poe , American politician
1949 - Tom Mees , American sports broadcaster (d. 1996 )
1949 - Patrick Nève , Belgian racing driver
1952 - John Lone , Hong Kong actor
1953 - Pat Day , American jockey
1954 - George Frazier , American baseball player
1954 - Claude Ribbe , French historian
1954 - Mordechai Vanunu , Israeli nuclear technician
1956 - Chris Carter , American television producer
1958 - Jair-Rohm Parker Wells , American musician and composer
1959 - Marie Osmond , American entertainer
1960 - Joey Belladonna , American musician (Anthrax )
1960 - Tim Brewster , American football coach
1960 - Ari Fleischer , former White House press secretary
1961 - Doc Rivers , basketball player and coach
1962 - T'Keyah Crystal Keymáh , American actress
1962 - Kelly Preston , American actress
1962 - Jerry Rice , American football star
1963 - Colin Channer , Jamaican writer
1964 - Niè Hǎishèng , Chinese astronaut
1964 - Christopher Judge , American actor
1965 - Johan Museeuw , Belgian cyclist
1967 - Scott Cooper , American baseball player
1967 - Trevor Hoffman , American baseball player
1967 - Steve Vickers , English footballer
1967 - Kate Walsh , American actress
1968 - Tisha Campbell-Martin , American actress and singer
1968 - Carlos Marin , Spanish baritone (Il Divo )
1969 - Rhett Akins , American country singer
1969 - Nancy Kerrigan , American figure skater
1969 - Cady McClain , American actress
1970 - Serena Altschul , American reporter
1970 - Mel Jackson , American actor and R&B musician
1971 - Sacha Baron Cohen , English comedian
1971 - Billy Bush , American TV host
1971 - Pyrros Dimas , Greek weightlifter
1972 - Summer Sanders , American swimmer
1973 - Brian Dawkins , American football player
1973 - Matt Hughes , American mixed martial artist
1973 - Nanako Matsushima , Japanese actress
1974 - Hawick Lau , Chinese actor and singer
1974 - Joseph Utsler , American rapper (Insane Clown Posse )
1975 - Tom Anderson , American entrepreneur
1975 - David Kennedy , American musician (Box Car Racer , Angels & Airwaves )
1977 - Gareth Batty , English cricketer
1977 - Paul Pierce , American basketball player
1977 - Kiele Sanchez , American actress
1978 - Jermaine O'Neal , American basketball player
1979 - Wes Brown , English footballer
1980 - Ashanti , American singer
1980 - Magne Hoseth , Norwegian footballer
1980 - Scott Parker , English footballer
1980 - Jon Micah Sumrall , American singer (Kutless )
1981 - Ryan Ashford , English footballer
1981 - Kele Okereke , lead singer of Bloc Party
1982 - Ian Thorpe , Australian swimmer
54 - Claudius , Roman Emperor (b. 10 BC )
1093 - Robert I
1282 - Nichiren Japanese founder of Nichiren Buddhism (b. 1222 )
1415 - Thomas FitzAlan , English military leader (b. 1381 )
1508 - Edmund de Ros , English politician (b. 1446 )
1605 - Theodore Beza , French theologian (b. 1519 )
1673 - Kristoffer Gabel , Danish statesman (b. 1617 )
1687 - Geminiano Montanari , Italian astronomer (b. 1633 )
1694 - Samuel von Pufendorf , German jurist (b. 1632 )
1706 - Iyasus the Great , Emperor of Ethiopia (b. 1682 )
1715 - Nicolas Malebranche , French philosopher (b. 1638 )
1759 - John Henley , English minister (b. 1692 )
1788 - Robert Nugent , Irish politician and poet (b. 1702 )
1812 - Sir Isaac Brock , British general (killed in battle) (b. 1769 )
1815 - Joachim Murat , French marshal and King of Naples (executed) (b. 1767 )
1825 - King Maximilian I of Bavaria (b. 1756 )
1869 - Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve , French literary critic (b. 1804 )
1882 - Arthur de Gobineau , French philosopher (b. 1816 )
1890 - Samuel Freeman Miller , U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1816 )
1904 - Pavlos Melas , Greek officer who organized and participated in the Greek Struggle for Macedonia (b. 1870 )
1905 - Sir Henry Irving , the first British actor to be knighted (b. 1838 )
1909 - Francisco Ferrer Guardia , Spanish free-thinker (b. 1849 )
1917 - Florence La Badie , American actress
1919 - Karl Adolph Gjellerup , Danish writer, Nobel laureate (b. 1857 )
1926 - Hans E. Kinck , Norwegian author and philologist (b. 1865 )
1931 - Ernst Didring , Swedish author (b. 1868 )
1938 - E.C. Segar , American cartoonist (Popeye ) (b. 1894 )
1945 - Milton S. Hershey , American chocolate tycoon (b. 1857 )
1950 - Ernest Haycox , American writer (b. 1899 )
1955 - Manuel Ávila Camacho , President of Mexico (b. 1897 )
1966 - Clifton Webb , American actor (b. 1889 )
1968 - Bea Benaderet , American actress (b. 1906 )
1971 - Stafford Smythe , Canadian NHL executive (b. 1921 )
1974 - Ed Sullivan , American television personality (b. 1901 )
1979 - Rebecca Helferich Clarke , English composer and violist (b. 1886 )
1987 - Walter Brattain , American physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1902 )
1987 - Kishore Kumar , Indian Singer (b.1929 )
1988 - Mike Venezia , jockey (b. 1945 )
1990 - Lê Ðức Thọ , Vietnamese general and politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1911 )
2000 - Jean Peters , American actress (b. 1926 )
2001 - Peter Doyle , Australian pop singer (The New Seekers ) (b. 1949 )
2002 - Stephen Ambrose , American historian and biographer (b. 1936 )
2003 - Bertram Brockhouse , Canadian physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1918 )
2005 - Vivian Malone Jones , American civil rights activist (b. 1942 )
2006 - Wang Guangmei , Chinese first lady (b. 1921 )
2007 - Bob Denard , French mercenary (b. 1929 )
Holidays and observances External links
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