Familypedi… Editing (section) Netherlands 0 You are not logged in. The rich text editor does not work with JavaScript switched off. Please either enable it in your browser options, or visit your preferences to switch to the old MediaWiki editor <h3>Habsburg Netherlands (1519–1581)</h3> <p data-rte-fromparser="true"><img data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22image%22%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5BFile%3AJan%20Steen%20-%20Adolf%20en%20Catharina%20Croeser%20aan%20de%20Oude%20Delft%201655.jpg%7Cthumb%7Cleft%7Cupright%7CDaily%20life%20during%20the%20%5B%5BDutch%20Golden%20Age%5D%5D%20captured%20in%20a%20painting%20by%20%5B%5BJan%20Steen%5D%5D.%5D%5D%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Jan_Steen_-_Adolf_en_Catharina_Croeser_aan_de_Oude_Delft_1655.jpg%22%2C%22params%22%3A%7B%22alt%22%3A%22Jan%20Steen%20-%20Adolf%20en%20Catharina%20Croeser%20aan%20de%20Oude%20Delft%201655%22%2C%22thumbnail%22%3Atrue%2C%22upright%22%3Afalse%2C%22align%22%3A%22left%22%2C%22caption%22%3A%22Daily%20life%20during%20the%20%5B%5BDutch%20Golden%20Age%5D%5D%20captured%20in%20a%20painting%20by%20%5B%5BJan%20Steen%5D%5D.%22%2C%22captionParsed%22%3A%22Daily%20life%20during%20the%20%3Ca%20_rte_dataidx%3D%5C%220005%5C%22%20class%3D%5C%22new%5C%22%20title%3D%5C%22Dutch%20Golden%20Age%20%28page%20does%20not%20exist%29%5C%22%20rel%3D%5C%22nofollow%5C%22%20data-uncrawlable-url%3D%5C%22L3dpa2kvRHV0Y2hfR29sZGVuX0FnZT9hY3Rpb249ZWRpdCZyZWRsaW5rPTE%3D%5C%22%3EDutch%20Golden%20Age%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%20captured%20in%20a%20painting%20by%20%3Ca%20_rte_dataidx%3D%5C%220006%5C%22%20class%3D%5C%22new%5C%22%20title%3D%5C%22Jan%20Steen%20%28page%20does%20not%20exist%29%5C%22%20rel%3D%5C%22nofollow%5C%22%20data-uncrawlable-url%3D%5C%22L3dpa2kvSmFuX1N0ZWVuP2FjdGlvbj1lZGl0JnJlZGxpbms9MQ%3D%3D%5C%22%3EJan%20Steen%3C%5C%2Fa%3E.%22%7D%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Jan_Steen_-_Adolf_en_Catharina_Croeser_aan_de_Oude_Delft_1655.jpg/180px-Jan_Steen_-_Adolf_en_Catharina_Croeser_aan_de_Oude_Delft_1655.jpg" width="180" height="215" class="image thumb alignLeft withCaption" data-image-name="Jan Steen - Adolf en Catharina Croeser aan de Oude Delft 1655.jpg" data-image-key="Jan_Steen_-_Adolf_en_Catharina_Croeser_aan_de_Oude_Delft_1655.jpg" type="image" /> <!-- RTE::{"spaces":0,"type":"LINE_BREAK"} --><img data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22image%22%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5BFile%3AWilliamOfOrange1580.jpg%7Cthumb%7Cleft%7Cupright%7C%5B%5BWilliam%20I%2C%20Prince%20of%20Orange%5D%5D%2C%20also%20called%20%5B%5BWillem%20de%20Zwijger%5D%5D%20%28%27%27William%20the%20Silent%27%27%29%2C%20leader%20of%20the%20Netherlands%20during%20the%20%5B%5BDutch%20Revolt%5D%5D.%5D%5D%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22WilliamOfOrange1580.jpg%22%2C%22params%22%3A%7B%22alt%22%3A%22WilliamOfOrange1580%22%2C%22thumbnail%22%3Atrue%2C%22upright%22%3Afalse%2C%22align%22%3A%22left%22%2C%22caption%22%3A%22%5B%5BWilliam%20I%2C%20Prince%20of%20Orange%5D%5D%2C%20also%20called%20%5B%5BWillem%20de%20Zwijger%5D%5D%20%28%27%27William%20the%20Silent%27%27%29%2C%20leader%20of%20the%20Netherlands%20during%20the%20%5B%5BDutch%20Revolt%5D%5D.%22%2C%22captionParsed%22%3A%22%3Ca%20_rte_dataidx%3D%5C%220008%5C%22%20href%3D%5C%22%5C%2Fwiki%5C%2FWilliam_I%2C_Prince_of_Orange%5C%22%20title%3D%5C%22William%20I%2C%20Prince%20of%20Orange%5C%22%20class%3D%5C%22mw-redirect%5C%22%3EWilliam%20I%2C%20Prince%20of%20Orange%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%2C%20also%20called%20%3Ca%20_rte_dataidx%3D%5C%220009%5C%22%20class%3D%5C%22new%5C%22%20title%3D%5C%22Willem%20de%20Zwijger%20%28page%20does%20not%20exist%29%5C%22%20rel%3D%5C%22nofollow%5C%22%20data-uncrawlable-url%3D%5C%22L3dpa2kvV2lsbGVtX2RlX1p3aWpnZXI%5C%2FYWN0aW9uPWVkaXQmcmVkbGluaz0x%5C%22%3EWillem%20de%20Zwijger%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%20%28%3Ci%3EWilliam%20the%20Silent%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%29%2C%20leader%20of%20the%20Netherlands%20during%20the%20%3Ca%20_rte_dataidx%3D%5C%220010%5C%22%20class%3D%5C%22new%5C%22%20title%3D%5C%22Dutch%20Revolt%20%28page%20does%20not%20exist%29%5C%22%20rel%3D%5C%22nofollow%5C%22%20data-uncrawlable-url%3D%5C%22L3dpa2kvRHV0Y2hfUmV2b2x0P2FjdGlvbj1lZGl0JnJlZGxpbms9MQ%3D%3D%5C%22%3EDutch%20Revolt%3C%5C%2Fa%3E.%22%7D%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/WilliamOfOrange1580.jpg/180px-WilliamOfOrange1580.jpg" width="180" height="248" class="image thumb alignLeft withCaption" data-image-name="WilliamOfOrange1580.jpg" data-image-key="WilliamOfOrange1580.jpg" type="image" /> <!-- RTE::{"spaces":0,"type":"LINE_BREAK"} --><img data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22image%22%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5BFile%3AVan%20Soest%2C%20Four%20Days%20Battle.jpg%7Cthumb%7Cleft%7Cupright%7C%27%27The%20%5B%5BFour%20Days%27%20Battle%5D%5D%2C%201%5Cu20134%20June%201666%27%27%2C%20during%20the%20%5B%5BSecond%20Anglo%5Cu2013Dutch%20War%5D%5D.%5D%5D%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Van_Soest%2C_Four_Days_Battle.jpg%22%2C%22params%22%3A%7B%22alt%22%3A%22Van%20Soest%2C%20Four%20Days%20Battle%22%2C%22thumbnail%22%3Atrue%2C%22upright%22%3Afalse%2C%22align%22%3A%22left%22%2C%22caption%22%3A%22%27%27The%20%5B%5BFour%20Days%27%20Battle%5D%5D%2C%201%5Cu20134%20June%201666%27%27%2C%20during%20the%20%5B%5BSecond%20Anglo%5Cu2013Dutch%20War%5D%5D.%22%2C%22captionParsed%22%3A%22%3Ci%3EThe%20%3Ca%20_rte_dataidx%3D%5C%220012%5C%22%20class%3D%5C%22new%5C%22%20title%3D%5C%22Four%20Days%27%20Battle%20%28page%20does%20not%20exist%29%5C%22%20rel%3D%5C%22nofollow%5C%22%20data-uncrawlable-url%3D%5C%22L3dpa2kvRm91cl9EYXlzJTI3X0JhdHRsZT9hY3Rpb249ZWRpdCZyZWRsaW5rPTE%3D%5C%22%3EFour%20Days%27%20Battle%3C%5C%2Fa%3E%2C%201%5Cu20134%20June%201666%3C%5C%2Fi%3E%2C%20during%20the%20%3Ca%20_rte_dataidx%3D%5C%220013%5C%22%20class%3D%5C%22new%5C%22%20title%3D%5C%22Second%20Anglo%5Cu2013Dutch%20War%20%28page%20does%20not%20exist%29%5C%22%20rel%3D%5C%22nofollow%5C%22%20data-uncrawlable-url%3D%5C%22L3dpa2kvU2Vjb25kX0FuZ2xvJUUyJTgwJTkzRHV0Y2hfV2FyP2FjdGlvbj1lZGl0JnJlZGxpbms9MQ%3D%3D%5C%22%3ESecond%20Anglo%5Cu2013Dutch%20War%3C%5C%2Fa%3E.%22%7D%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Van_Soest%2C_Four_Days_Battle.jpg/180px-Van_Soest%2C_Four_Days_Battle.jpg" width="180" height="133" class="image thumb alignLeft withCaption" data-image-name="Van Soest, Four Days Battle.jpg" data-image-key="Van_Soest%2C_Four_Days_Battle.jpg" type="image" /> </p><p data-rte-fromparser="true" data-rte-empty-lines-before="1">Under <a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22Charles%20V%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22Charles%20V%2C%20Holy%20Roman%20Emperor%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Afalse%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5BCharles%20V%2C%20Holy%20Roman%20Emperor%7CCharles%20V%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor" class="mw-redirect">Charles V</a>, ruler of the <a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22Holy%20Roman%20Empire%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22Holy%20Roman%20Empire%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Atrue%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5BHoly%20Roman%20Empire%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> and King of <a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22Spain%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22Spanish%20Empire%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Afalse%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5BSpanish%20Empire%7CSpain%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" class="new" title="Spanish Empire (page does not exist)" rel="nofollow" data-uncrawlable-url="L3dpa2kvU3BhbmlzaF9FbXBpcmU/YWN0aW9uPWVkaXQmcmVkbGluaz0x">Spain</a>, the current Netherlands region was part of the <a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22Seventeen%20Provinces%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22Seventeen%20Provinces%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Atrue%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5BSeventeen%20Provinces%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" class="new" title="Seventeen Provinces (page does not exist)" rel="nofollow" data-uncrawlable-url="L3dpa2kvU2V2ZW50ZWVuX1Byb3ZpbmNlcz9hY3Rpb249ZWRpdCZyZWRsaW5rPTE=">Seventeen Provinces</a> of the <a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22Low%20Countries%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22Low%20Countries%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Atrue%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5BLow%20Countries%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" class="new" title="Low Countries (page does not exist)" rel="nofollow" data-uncrawlable-url="L3dpa2kvTG93X0NvdW50cmllcz9hY3Rpb249ZWRpdCZyZWRsaW5rPTE=">Low Countries</a>, which also included most of present-day <a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22Belgium%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22Belgium%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Atrue%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5BBelgium%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, Luxembourg, and some land in France and Germany. </p><p data-rte-fromparser="true" data-rte-empty-lines-before="1">In 1568, the <a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22Eighty%20Years%27%20War%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22Eighty%20Years%27%20War%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Atrue%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5BEighty%20Years%27%20War%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" class="new" title="Eighty Years' War (page does not exist)" rel="nofollow" data-uncrawlable-url="L3dpa2kvRWlnaHR5X1llYXJzJTI3X1dhcj9hY3Rpb249ZWRpdCZyZWRsaW5rPTE=">Eighty Years' War</a> between the Provinces and Spain began. In 1579, the northern half of the Seventeen Provinces forged the <a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22Union%20of%20Utrecht%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22Union%20of%20Utrecht%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Atrue%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5BUnion%20of%20Utrecht%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" class="new" title="Union of Utrecht (page does not exist)" rel="nofollow" data-uncrawlable-url="L3dpa2kvVW5pb25fb2ZfVXRyZWNodD9hY3Rpb249ZWRpdCZyZWRsaW5rPTE=">Union of Utrecht</a>, a treaty in which they committed to support each other in their defence against the Spanish army.<span data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22ext%22%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%3Cref%3EMotley%2C%20John%20Lothrop%20%20%281855%29.%20%5Bhttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fbooks.google.com%5C%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8isNLCXfNycC%26pg%3DPA411%20%27%27The%20Rise%20of%20the%20Dutch%20Republic%27%27%5D%20Vol.%20III%2C%20Harper%20Bros.%3A%20New%20York%2C%20p.%20411.%3C%5C%2Fref%3E%22%2C%22lineStart%22%3A%22%22%2C%22placeholder%22%3A1%2C%22extName%22%3A%22ref%22%7D" class="placeholder placeholder-ext" contenteditable="false"><sup data-rte-washtml="1" id="cite_ref-0" class="reference" data-rte-attribs=" id=cite_ref-0 class=reference"><a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22%3Cspan%20data-rte-instance%3D%5C%2240-17812662176009bbad59c97%5C%22%20data-rte-meta%3D%5C%22%257B%2522type%2522%253A%2522ext%2522%252C%2522wikitext%2522%253A%2522%253Cnowiki%253E%255B%253C%255C%252Fnowiki%253E%2522%252C%2522lineStart%2522%253A%2522%2522%252C%2522placeholder%2522%253A1%252C%2522extName%2522%253A%2522nowiki%2522%257D%5C%22%20class%3D%5C%22placeholder%20placeholder-ext%5C%22%20contenteditable%3D%5C%22false%5C%22%3E%7F%27%5C%22%60UNIQ34929e0b485ecdd5-nowiki-00000001-QINU%60%5C%22%27%7F%26%23x0200B%3B%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E1%3Cspan%20data-rte-instance%3D%5C%2240-17812662176009bbad59c97%5C%22%20data-rte-meta%3D%5C%22%257B%2522type%2522%253A%2522ext%2522%252C%2522wikitext%2522%253A%2522%253Cnowiki%253E%255D%253C%255C%252Fnowiki%253E%2522%252C%2522lineStart%2522%253A%2522%2522%252C%2522placeholder%2522%253A1%252C%2522extName%2522%253A%2522nowiki%2522%257D%5C%22%20class%3D%5C%22placeholder%20placeholder-ext%5C%22%20contenteditable%3D%5C%22false%5C%22%3E%7F%27%5C%22%60UNIQ34929e0b485ecdd5-nowiki-00000002-QINU%60%5C%22%27%7F%26%23x0200B%3B%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22%23cite_note-0%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Afalse%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5B%23cite_note-0%7C%3Cext%20_rte_wikitextidx%3D%5C%2229%5C%22%3E%3Cname%3Enowiki%3C%5C%2Fname%3E%3Cattr%3E%3C%5C%2Fattr%3E%3Cinner%3E%5B%3C%5C%2Finner%3E%3Cclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%3C%5C%2Fclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fext%3E1%3Cext%20_rte_wikitextidx%3D%5C%2230%5C%22%3E%3Cname%3Enowiki%3C%5C%2Fname%3E%3Cattr%3E%3C%5C%2Fattr%3E%3Cinner%3E%5D%3C%5C%2Finner%3E%3Cclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%3C%5C%2Fclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fext%3E%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" href="#cite_note-0"><span data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22ext%22%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%3Cnowiki%3E%5B%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%22%2C%22lineStart%22%3A%22%22%2C%22placeholder%22%3A1%2C%22extName%22%3A%22nowiki%22%7D" class="placeholder placeholder-ext" contenteditable="false">[​</span>1<span data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22ext%22%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%3Cnowiki%3E%5D%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%22%2C%22lineStart%22%3A%22%22%2C%22placeholder%22%3A1%2C%22extName%22%3A%22nowiki%22%7D" class="placeholder placeholder-ext" contenteditable="false">]​</span></a></sup>​</span> The Union of Utrecht is seen as the foundation of the modern Netherlands. In 1581, the northern provinces adopted the <a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22Act%20of%20Abjuration%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22Act%20of%20Abjuration%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Atrue%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5BAct%20of%20Abjuration%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" class="new" title="Act of Abjuration (page does not exist)" rel="nofollow" data-uncrawlable-url="L3dpa2kvQWN0X29mX0FianVyYXRpb24/YWN0aW9uPWVkaXQmcmVkbGluaz0x">Act of Abjuration</a>, the declaration of independence in which the provinces officially deposed <a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22Philip%20II%20of%20Spain%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22Philip%20II%20of%20Spain%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Atrue%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5BPhilip%20II%20of%20Spain%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain" class="mw-redirect">Philip II of Spain</a> as reigning monarch in the northern provinces.<span data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22ext%22%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%3Cref%3EMotley%2C%20John%20Lothrop%20%20%281855%29.%20%5Bhttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fbooks.google.com%5C%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8isNLCXfNycC%26pg%3DPA508%20%27%27The%20Rise%20of%20the%20Dutch%20Republic%27%27%5D%20Vol.%20III%2C%20Harper%20Bros.%3A%20New%20York%2C%20p.%20508.%3C%5C%2Fref%3E%22%2C%22lineStart%22%3A%22%22%2C%22placeholder%22%3A1%2C%22extName%22%3A%22ref%22%7D" class="placeholder placeholder-ext" contenteditable="false"><sup data-rte-washtml="1" id="cite_ref-1" class="reference" data-rte-attribs=" id=cite_ref-1 class=reference"><a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22%3Cspan%20data-rte-instance%3D%5C%2240-17812662176009bbad59c97%5C%22%20data-rte-meta%3D%5C%22%257B%2522type%2522%253A%2522ext%2522%252C%2522wikitext%2522%253A%2522%253Cnowiki%253E%255B%253C%255C%252Fnowiki%253E%2522%252C%2522lineStart%2522%253A%2522%2522%252C%2522placeholder%2522%253A1%252C%2522extName%2522%253A%2522nowiki%2522%257D%5C%22%20class%3D%5C%22placeholder%20placeholder-ext%5C%22%20contenteditable%3D%5C%22false%5C%22%3E%7F%27%5C%22%60UNIQ34929e0b485ecdd5-nowiki-00000004-QINU%60%5C%22%27%7F%26%23x0200B%3B%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E2%3Cspan%20data-rte-instance%3D%5C%2240-17812662176009bbad59c97%5C%22%20data-rte-meta%3D%5C%22%257B%2522type%2522%253A%2522ext%2522%252C%2522wikitext%2522%253A%2522%253Cnowiki%253E%255D%253C%255C%252Fnowiki%253E%2522%252C%2522lineStart%2522%253A%2522%2522%252C%2522placeholder%2522%253A1%252C%2522extName%2522%253A%2522nowiki%2522%257D%5C%22%20class%3D%5C%22placeholder%20placeholder-ext%5C%22%20contenteditable%3D%5C%22false%5C%22%3E%7F%27%5C%22%60UNIQ34929e0b485ecdd5-nowiki-00000005-QINU%60%5C%22%27%7F%26%23x0200B%3B%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22%23cite_note-1%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Afalse%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5B%23cite_note-1%7C%3Cext%20_rte_wikitextidx%3D%5C%2235%5C%22%3E%3Cname%3Enowiki%3C%5C%2Fname%3E%3Cattr%3E%3C%5C%2Fattr%3E%3Cinner%3E%5B%3C%5C%2Finner%3E%3Cclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%3C%5C%2Fclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fext%3E2%3Cext%20_rte_wikitextidx%3D%5C%2236%5C%22%3E%3Cname%3Enowiki%3C%5C%2Fname%3E%3Cattr%3E%3C%5C%2Fattr%3E%3Cinner%3E%5D%3C%5C%2Finner%3E%3Cclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%3C%5C%2Fclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fext%3E%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" href="#cite_note-1"><span data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22ext%22%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%3Cnowiki%3E%5B%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%22%2C%22lineStart%22%3A%22%22%2C%22placeholder%22%3A1%2C%22extName%22%3A%22nowiki%22%7D" class="placeholder placeholder-ext" contenteditable="false">[​</span>2<span data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22ext%22%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%3Cnowiki%3E%5D%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%22%2C%22lineStart%22%3A%22%22%2C%22placeholder%22%3A1%2C%22extName%22%3A%22nowiki%22%7D" class="placeholder placeholder-ext" contenteditable="false">]​</span></a></sup>​</span> </p><p data-rte-fromparser="true" data-rte-empty-lines-before="1">Queen <a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22Elizabeth%20I%20of%20England%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22Elizabeth%20I%20of%20England%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Atrue%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5BElizabeth%20I%20of%20England%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England" title="Elizabeth I of England" class="mw-redirect">Elizabeth I of England</a> sympathised with the Dutch struggle against the Spanish, and in 1585 she concluded a treaty with the Dutch whereby she promised to send an English army to the Netherlands to aid the Dutch in their war with the Spanish.<span data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22ext%22%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%3Cref%3EWillson%2C%20David%20Harris%20%281972%29.%20%27%27History%20of%20England%27%27%2C%20Holt%2C%20Rinehart%20%26%20Winston%3A%20New%20York%2C%20p.%20294.%3C%5C%2Fref%3E%22%2C%22lineStart%22%3A%22%22%2C%22placeholder%22%3A1%2C%22extName%22%3A%22ref%22%7D" class="placeholder placeholder-ext" contenteditable="false"><sup data-rte-washtml="1" id="cite_ref-2" class="reference" data-rte-attribs=" id=cite_ref-2 class=reference"><a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22%3Cspan%20data-rte-instance%3D%5C%2240-17812662176009bbad59c97%5C%22%20data-rte-meta%3D%5C%22%257B%2522type%2522%253A%2522ext%2522%252C%2522wikitext%2522%253A%2522%253Cnowiki%253E%255B%253C%255C%252Fnowiki%253E%2522%252C%2522lineStart%2522%253A%2522%2522%252C%2522placeholder%2522%253A1%252C%2522extName%2522%253A%2522nowiki%2522%257D%5C%22%20class%3D%5C%22placeholder%20placeholder-ext%5C%22%20contenteditable%3D%5C%22false%5C%22%3E%7F%27%5C%22%60UNIQ34929e0b485ecdd5-nowiki-00000007-QINU%60%5C%22%27%7F%26%23x0200B%3B%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E3%3Cspan%20data-rte-instance%3D%5C%2240-17812662176009bbad59c97%5C%22%20data-rte-meta%3D%5C%22%257B%2522type%2522%253A%2522ext%2522%252C%2522wikitext%2522%253A%2522%253Cnowiki%253E%255D%253C%255C%252Fnowiki%253E%2522%252C%2522lineStart%2522%253A%2522%2522%252C%2522placeholder%2522%253A1%252C%2522extName%2522%253A%2522nowiki%2522%257D%5C%22%20class%3D%5C%22placeholder%20placeholder-ext%5C%22%20contenteditable%3D%5C%22false%5C%22%3E%7F%27%5C%22%60UNIQ34929e0b485ecdd5-nowiki-00000008-QINU%60%5C%22%27%7F%26%23x0200B%3B%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22%23cite_note-2%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Afalse%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5B%23cite_note-2%7C%3Cext%20_rte_wikitextidx%3D%5C%2241%5C%22%3E%3Cname%3Enowiki%3C%5C%2Fname%3E%3Cattr%3E%3C%5C%2Fattr%3E%3Cinner%3E%5B%3C%5C%2Finner%3E%3Cclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%3C%5C%2Fclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fext%3E3%3Cext%20_rte_wikitextidx%3D%5C%2242%5C%22%3E%3Cname%3Enowiki%3C%5C%2Fname%3E%3Cattr%3E%3C%5C%2Fattr%3E%3Cinner%3E%5D%3C%5C%2Finner%3E%3Cclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%3C%5C%2Fclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fext%3E%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" href="#cite_note-2"><span data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22ext%22%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%3Cnowiki%3E%5B%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%22%2C%22lineStart%22%3A%22%22%2C%22placeholder%22%3A1%2C%22extName%22%3A%22nowiki%22%7D" class="placeholder placeholder-ext" contenteditable="false">[​</span>3<span data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22ext%22%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%3Cnowiki%3E%5D%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%22%2C%22lineStart%22%3A%22%22%2C%22placeholder%22%3A1%2C%22extName%22%3A%22nowiki%22%7D" class="placeholder placeholder-ext" contenteditable="false">]​</span></a></sup>​</span> In December 1585, 7,600 soldiers were sent to the Netherlands from England under the command of <a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22Robert%20Dudley%2C%201st%20Earl%20of%20Leicester%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22Robert%20Dudley%2C%201st%20Earl%20of%20Leicester%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Atrue%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5BRobert%20Dudley%2C%201st%20Earl%20of%20Leicester%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" href="/wiki/Robert_Dudley,_1st_Earl_of_Leicester" title="Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester" class="mw-redirect">Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester</a>. In spite of the significant size for that time, the English army was of no real benefit to the Dutch rebellion.<span data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22ext%22%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%3Cref%3EMotley%2C%20John%20Lothrop%20%20%281855%29.%20%5Bhttp%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fbooks.google.com%5C%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8isNLCXfNycC%26pg%3DPA411%20%27%27The%20Rise%20of%20the%20Dutch%20Republic%27%27%5D%20Vol.%20III%2C%20Harper%20Bros.%3A%20New%20York%3C%5C%2Fref%3E%22%2C%22lineStart%22%3A%22%22%2C%22placeholder%22%3A1%2C%22extName%22%3A%22ref%22%7D" class="placeholder placeholder-ext" contenteditable="false"><sup data-rte-washtml="1" id="cite_ref-3" class="reference" data-rte-attribs=" id=cite_ref-3 class=reference"><a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22%3Cspan%20data-rte-instance%3D%5C%2240-17812662176009bbad59c97%5C%22%20data-rte-meta%3D%5C%22%257B%2522type%2522%253A%2522ext%2522%252C%2522wikitext%2522%253A%2522%253Cnowiki%253E%255B%253C%255C%252Fnowiki%253E%2522%252C%2522lineStart%2522%253A%2522%2522%252C%2522placeholder%2522%253A1%252C%2522extName%2522%253A%2522nowiki%2522%257D%5C%22%20class%3D%5C%22placeholder%20placeholder-ext%5C%22%20contenteditable%3D%5C%22false%5C%22%3E%7F%27%5C%22%60UNIQ34929e0b485ecdd5-nowiki-0000000A-QINU%60%5C%22%27%7F%26%23x0200B%3B%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E4%3Cspan%20data-rte-instance%3D%5C%2240-17812662176009bbad59c97%5C%22%20data-rte-meta%3D%5C%22%257B%2522type%2522%253A%2522ext%2522%252C%2522wikitext%2522%253A%2522%253Cnowiki%253E%255D%253C%255C%252Fnowiki%253E%2522%252C%2522lineStart%2522%253A%2522%2522%252C%2522placeholder%2522%253A1%252C%2522extName%2522%253A%2522nowiki%2522%257D%5C%22%20class%3D%5C%22placeholder%20placeholder-ext%5C%22%20contenteditable%3D%5C%22false%5C%22%3E%7F%27%5C%22%60UNIQ34929e0b485ecdd5-nowiki-0000000B-QINU%60%5C%22%27%7F%26%23x0200B%3B%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22%23cite_note-3%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Afalse%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5B%23cite_note-3%7C%3Cext%20_rte_wikitextidx%3D%5C%2247%5C%22%3E%3Cname%3Enowiki%3C%5C%2Fname%3E%3Cattr%3E%3C%5C%2Fattr%3E%3Cinner%3E%5B%3C%5C%2Finner%3E%3Cclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%3C%5C%2Fclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fext%3E4%3Cext%20_rte_wikitextidx%3D%5C%2248%5C%22%3E%3Cname%3Enowiki%3C%5C%2Fname%3E%3Cattr%3E%3C%5C%2Fattr%3E%3Cinner%3E%5D%3C%5C%2Finner%3E%3Cclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%3C%5C%2Fclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fext%3E%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" href="#cite_note-3"><span data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22ext%22%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%3Cnowiki%3E%5B%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%22%2C%22lineStart%22%3A%22%22%2C%22placeholder%22%3A1%2C%22extName%22%3A%22nowiki%22%7D" class="placeholder placeholder-ext" contenteditable="false">[​</span>4<span data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22ext%22%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%3Cnowiki%3E%5D%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%22%2C%22lineStart%22%3A%22%22%2C%22placeholder%22%3A1%2C%22extName%22%3A%22nowiki%22%7D" class="placeholder placeholder-ext" contenteditable="false">]​</span></a></sup>​</span> </p><p data-rte-fromparser="true" data-rte-empty-lines-before="1">Although Robert Dudley returned to the Netherlands in November 1586 with another army, the army still had little effect in the rebellion.<span data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22ext%22%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%3Cref%3EMattingly%2C%20Garrett%20%281959%29%20%27%27The%20Armada%27%27%2C%20Houghton%20Mifflin%3A%20Boston%2C%20p.%2048.%3C%5C%2Fref%3E%22%2C%22lineStart%22%3A%22%22%2C%22placeholder%22%3A1%2C%22extName%22%3A%22ref%22%7D" class="placeholder placeholder-ext" contenteditable="false"><sup data-rte-washtml="1" id="cite_ref-4" class="reference" data-rte-attribs=" id=cite_ref-4 class=reference"><a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22%3Cspan%20data-rte-instance%3D%5C%2240-17812662176009bbad59c97%5C%22%20data-rte-meta%3D%5C%22%257B%2522type%2522%253A%2522ext%2522%252C%2522wikitext%2522%253A%2522%253Cnowiki%253E%255B%253C%255C%252Fnowiki%253E%2522%252C%2522lineStart%2522%253A%2522%2522%252C%2522placeholder%2522%253A1%252C%2522extName%2522%253A%2522nowiki%2522%257D%5C%22%20class%3D%5C%22placeholder%20placeholder-ext%5C%22%20contenteditable%3D%5C%22false%5C%22%3E%7F%27%5C%22%60UNIQ34929e0b485ecdd5-nowiki-0000000D-QINU%60%5C%22%27%7F%26%23x0200B%3B%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E5%3Cspan%20data-rte-instance%3D%5C%2240-17812662176009bbad59c97%5C%22%20data-rte-meta%3D%5C%22%257B%2522type%2522%253A%2522ext%2522%252C%2522wikitext%2522%253A%2522%253Cnowiki%253E%255D%253C%255C%252Fnowiki%253E%2522%252C%2522lineStart%2522%253A%2522%2522%252C%2522placeholder%2522%253A1%252C%2522extName%2522%253A%2522nowiki%2522%257D%5C%22%20class%3D%5C%22placeholder%20placeholder-ext%5C%22%20contenteditable%3D%5C%22false%5C%22%3E%7F%27%5C%22%60UNIQ34929e0b485ecdd5-nowiki-0000000E-QINU%60%5C%22%27%7F%26%23x0200B%3B%3C%5C%2Fspan%3E%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22%23cite_note-4%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Afalse%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5B%23cite_note-4%7C%3Cext%20_rte_wikitextidx%3D%5C%2253%5C%22%3E%3Cname%3Enowiki%3C%5C%2Fname%3E%3Cattr%3E%3C%5C%2Fattr%3E%3Cinner%3E%5B%3C%5C%2Finner%3E%3Cclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%3C%5C%2Fclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fext%3E5%3Cext%20_rte_wikitextidx%3D%5C%2254%5C%22%3E%3Cname%3Enowiki%3C%5C%2Fname%3E%3Cattr%3E%3C%5C%2Fattr%3E%3Cinner%3E%5D%3C%5C%2Finner%3E%3Cclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%3C%5C%2Fclose%3E%3C%5C%2Fext%3E%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" href="#cite_note-4"><span data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22ext%22%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%3Cnowiki%3E%5B%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%22%2C%22lineStart%22%3A%22%22%2C%22placeholder%22%3A1%2C%22extName%22%3A%22nowiki%22%7D" class="placeholder placeholder-ext" contenteditable="false">[​</span>5<span data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22ext%22%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%3Cnowiki%3E%5D%3C%5C%2Fnowiki%3E%22%2C%22lineStart%22%3A%22%22%2C%22placeholder%22%3A1%2C%22extName%22%3A%22nowiki%22%7D" class="placeholder placeholder-ext" contenteditable="false">]​</span></a></sup>​</span> Philip II, the son of Charles V, was not prepared to let them go easily, and war continued until 1648, when Spain under King <a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22Philip%20IV%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22Philip%20IV%20of%20Spain%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Afalse%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5BPhilip%20IV%20of%20Spain%7CPhilip%20IV%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_Spain" title="Philip IV of Spain" class="mw-redirect">Philip IV</a> finally recognised the independence of the seven north-western provinces in the <a data-rte-meta="%7B%22type%22%3A%22internal%22%2C%22text%22%3A%22Peace%20of%20M%5Cu00fcnster%22%2C%22link%22%3A%22Peace%20of%20M%5Cu00fcnster%22%2C%22wasblank%22%3Atrue%2C%22noforce%22%3Atrue%2C%22wikitext%22%3A%22%5B%5BPeace%20of%20M%5Cu00fcnster%5D%5D%22%7D" data-rte-instance="40-17812662176009bbad59c97" class="new" title="Peace of Münster (page does not exist)" rel="nofollow" data-uncrawlable-url="L3dpa2kvUGVhY2Vfb2ZfTSVDMyVCQ25zdGVyP2FjdGlvbj1lZGl0JnJlZGxpbms9MQ==">Peace of Münster</a>. Parts of the southern provinces became <i>de facto</i> colonies of the new republican-mercantile empire. </p> <br /><strong data-rte-washtml="1" class="error" data-rte-attribs=" class=error">Cite error: <code data-rte-washtml="1"><ref></code> tags exist, but no <code data-rte-washtml="1"><references/></code> tag was found</strong><p /> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key genealogy:rte-parser-cache:68778 --> Loading editor Below are some commonly used wiki markup codes. Simply click on what you want to use and it will appear in the edit box above. Insert: – — … ° ≈ ≠ ≤ ≥ ± − × ÷ ← → · § Sign your username: ~~~~ Wiki markup: {{}} | [] [[]] [[Category:]] #REDIRECT [[]] <s></s> <sup></sup> <sub></sub> <code></code> <blockquote></blockquote> <ref></ref> {{Reflist}} <references/> <includeonly></includeonly> <noinclude></noinclude> {{DEFAULTSORT:}} <nowiki></nowiki> <!-- --> <span class="plainlinks"></span> Symbols: ~ | ¡ ¿ † ‡ ↔ ↑ ↓ • ¶ # ¹ ² ³ ½ ⅓ ⅔ ¼ ¾ ⅛ ⅜ ⅝ ⅞ ∞ ‘ “ ’ ” «» ¤ ₳ ฿ ₵ ¢ ₡ ₢ $ ₫ ₯ € ₠ ₣ ƒ ₴ ₭ ₤ ℳ ₥ ₦ № ₧ ₰ £ ៛ ₨ ₪ ৳ ₮ ₩ ¥ ♠ ♣ ♥ ♦ View this template This page is a member of 5 hidden categories: Category:Articles with Dutch-language external links Category:Articles with French-language external links Category:Articles with German-language external links Category:Pages with incorrect protection templates Category:Valid name- nation This field is a spam trap. DO NOT fill it in! Edit summary Preview Mobile Desktop Show changes
