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Science and technology
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Birth and death categories
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Establishments and disestablishments categories
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Works and introductions categories
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Works entering the public domain
2019 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 2019
MMXIX

Ab urbe condita 2772
Armenian calendar 1468
ԹՎ ՌՆԿԸ
Bahá'í calendar 175 – 176
Buddhist calendar 2563
Coptic calendar 1735 – 1736
Ethiopian calendar 2011 – 2012
Hebrew calendar 5779 5780
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat 2074 – 2075
 - Shaka Samvat 1941 – 1942
 - Kali Yuga 5120 – 5121
Holocene calendar 12019
Iranian calendar 1397 – 1398
Islamic calendar 1440 – 1441
Japanese calendar Heisei 31


(平成 31年)

 - Imperial Year Kōki 2679
(皇紀2679年)
Julian calendar 2064
Korean calendar 4352
Thai solar calendar 2562
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2019 (MMXIX ) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 2019th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 19th year of the 3rd millennium, the 19th year of the 21st century, and the 10th and last year of the 2010s decade.

2019 has been designated as International Year of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements by the United Nations General Assembly[1] given that it coincides with the 150th anniversary of its creation by Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869.

Events[]

January[]

  • January 1
    • All works published in 1923 except sound recordings (see 2022 scheduled events) enter the public domain in the United States, the first works to do so since the passage of the 1998 Sonny Bono Copyright Term Extension Act.[2]
    • Jair Bolsonaro begins his four-year term as President of Brazil.
    • Unmanned space probe New Horizons makes a close approach of the Kuiper belt object (KBO) 2014 MU69 at 05:33 UTC.
    • Qatar withdraws from OPEC.
    • Same-sex marriage becomes legal in Austria.
  • January 3 – Chinese probe Chang'e 4 becomes the first human-made object to land on the far side of the Moon.[3]
  • January 5Bartholomew I of Constantinople issues a formal decree granting independence to the Orthodox Church of Ukraine from the Russian Orthodox Church.[4]
  • January 6Muhammad V of Kelantan abdicates the federal throne as the 15th monarch of Malaysia, making him the first Yang di-Pertuan Agong to do so.[5]
  • January 7 – A faction of the Armed Forces of Gabon announces a coup d'état. Gabon's government later declares that it has reasserted control.
  • January 10 – Venezuela enters a constitutional crisis as Juan Guaidó and the National Assembly declare incumbent President Nicolás Maduro "illegitimate" and start the process of attempting to remove him.[6]
  • January 18 – Fuel thieves rupture a pipeline in Tlahuelilpan, Mexico, killing at least 125 people and injuring 22 others.[7]
  • January 19 – A magnitude 6.7 earthquake hits Tongoy, Coquimbo Region in Chile, causing two deaths and as many as 200,000 people left without power.[8] Despite its moderate magnitude, since it was an intraplate earthquake, it caused some serious damage in La Serena and nearby cities.
  • January 232019 Venezuelan presidential crisis: thousands of people protest in favor of disputed interim President Juan Guaidó. Several people are killed, and President Maduro severs diplomatic ties with the United States.[9]
  • January 25 – A mine tailings dam breaks in the Brazilian city of Brumadinho, in the state of Minas Gerais. At least 134 people are killed, with almost 200 missing.[10]
  • January 27 – A terrorist attack occurs in northern Burkina Faso, killing 10 people.[11]
  • January 28 – The Justice Department charges Chinese tech firm Huawei with multiple counts of fraud, raising U.S.–China tensions.[12]

February[]

  • February 1 – President Trump confirms that the U.S. will leave the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty of 1987.[13] The next day, Russia follows suit with suspension of its obligations to the treaty.[14]
  • February 2
    • Five soldiers and three militants die in an attack that also injured several others in Patikul, Sulu, in The Philippines.[15]
    • A collapse of a building damaged by the war in Aleppo, Syria, kills 11 people.[16]
  • February 3Pope Francis arrives in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, becoming the first pope to visit the Arabian Peninsula.[17]
  • February 4 – A car bomb kills 11 people and injures 10 others in an attack on a mall in Mogadishu, Somalia.[18]
  • February 5 – The Taliban killed at least 47 people in attacks while Afghan-Taliban peace talks were taking place in Moscow. 12 others were injured.[19]

Predicted and scheduled events[]

  • February 16Nigeria will hold a general election to vote for their parliament members and president.
  • March 29 – The United Kingdom's membership in the European Union is set to cease in accordance with Article 50.[20] Gibraltar will also leave the European Union with the UK.
  • April 9Israel will elect its next parliament.
  • April 17Indonesia will hold a general election. For the first time, the eligible voters will vote for representatives at all levels, governors, and president simultaneously.[21]
  • April 30Emperor Akihito of Japan will abdicate from his position; the first abdication by a Japanese monarch in about two centuries.[22]
  • May 13 – The Philippines will hold a general election.
  • May 1418 – The Eurovision Song Contest 2019 is scheduled to take place in Tel Aviv, Israel.
  • May 2326 – The European Union will hold elections to the European Parliament.
  • May 30July 14 – The 2019 Cricket World Cup is scheduled to be held in England and Wales, with matches at 10 venues in nine cities. The opening match and final will be in London, with the final at Lord's.
  • June 7July 7 – The 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup is scheduled to be held in France, with matches in nine cities. The opening match will be in Paris, and the final in the Lyon suburb of Décines-Charpieu.
  • July 2 – A total solar eclipse will be visible from South America.[23]
  • July 20Afghanistan will hold an election to vote for their next president. This was rescheduled from April 20 to improve polling.
  • July 26August 11 – The 2019 Pan American Games are scheduled to be held in Lima, Peru.
  • September 20November 2 – The 2019 Rugby World Cup (rugby union) is scheduled to be held in Japan, with matches in 12 cities. The opening match will be in the Tokyo district of Chōfu, and the final in Yokohama.
  • October 62019 Portuguese legislative election, for all 230 seats to the Assembly of the Republic.
  • October 26 – Climbing Uluru will be permanently banned.
  • November 5 – The 2019 United States elections will choose 3 state governors and various state and local officials.
  • November 11Transit of Mercury occurs.
  • December 26 – An annular solar eclipse will be visible from South Asia.[24]

Date unknown[]

  • The European Spallation Source is expected to go into operation in Lund, Sweden.[25]
  • The Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) is expected to complete the process of eliminating tariffs on sensitive products, thus establishing a single market throughout most of South America.
  • The CHEOPS space telescope, whose mission is to study the formation of extrasolar planets, is expected to launch at the beginning of the year.
  • The 2019 Indian general election will be held in April or May 2019, along with elections in six states/provinces. The dates will be announced by the Election Commission of India.
  • SpaceX expects to perform suborbital hop tests of their Starship prototype.

Deaths[]

January[]

Pegi Morton Young

Pegi Young

Bob Einstein 1970

Bob Einstein

Herb Kelleher

Herb Kelleher

Secretary of the Air Force Harold Brown

Harold Brown

Carol Channing colour Allan Warren

Carol Channing

Tibor Baranski

Tibor Baranski

File:Henri d'Orléans (1933-).jpg

Henri, Count of Paris

George Fernandes (cropped)

George Fernandes

  • January 1
    • Ivan Dimitrov, Bulgarian footballer (b. 1935)
    • Pegi Young, American singer-songwriter (b. 1952)
  • January 2
    • Ramakant Achrekar, Indian cricket coach (b. 1932)
    • Paulien van Deutekom, Dutch champion speed skater (b. 1981)
    • Daryl Dragon, American musician (b. 1942)
    • Bob Einstein, American actor and comedian (b. 1942)
    • Geoffrey Langlands, British army officer and educator (b. 1917)
    • Blake Nordstrom, American businessman (b. 1960)
    • Gene Okerlund, American wrestling announcer (b. 1942)
    • Darius Perkins, Australian actor (b. 1964)
  • January 3
    • Herb Kelleher, American businessman (b. 1931)
    • Steve Ripley, American singer-songwriter (b. 1950)
  • January 4Harold Brown, 14th United States Secretary of Defense (b. 1927)
  • January 5
    • Eric Haydock, British musician (b. 1943)
    • Bernice Sandler, American women's rights activist (b. 1928)
    • Dragoslav Šekularac, Serbian footballer and manager (b. 1937)
  • January 6
    • José Ramón Fernández, Cuban revolution leader (b. 1923)
    • Lamin Sanneh, Gambian-born American professor (b. 1942)
    • W. Morgan Sheppard, British actor (b. 1932)
    • Paul Streeten, Austrian-born British economics professor (b. 1917)
  • January 7
    • Moshe Arens, Lithuanian-born Israeli aeronautical engineer, researcher, diplomat, and politician (b. 1925)
    • Clydie King, American singer (b. 1943)
  • January 9
    • Verna Bloom, American actress (b. 1939)
    • Paul Koslo, German-Canadian actor (b. 1944)
  • January 10
    • Theo Adam, German opera singer (b. 1926)
    • Kevin Fret, Puerto Rican musician (b. 1994)
    • Johnny Hetki, American baseball player (b. 1922)
  • January 11Michael Atiyah, British-Lebanese mathematician and academic (b. 1929)
  • January 12
    • George Brady, Czech-Canadian Holocaust survivor and businessman (b. 1928)
    • Batton Lash, American comic book writer and artist (b. 1953)
    • Jaime Rosenthal, Honduran politician (b. 1936)
    • Patricia Wald, American judge (b. 1928)
  • January 13
    • Bonnie Guitar, American country singer-songwriter (b. 1923)
    • Phil Masinga, South African footballer (b. 1969)
  • January 14Paweł Adamowicz, Polish politician (b. 1965)
  • January 15Carol Channing, American actress (b. 1921)
  • January 16
    • John C. Bogle, American investor (b. 1929)
    • Lorna Doom, American musician (b. 1958)
    • Chris Wilson, Australian musician (b. 1956)
  • January 17
    • Babiker Awadalla, 8th Prime Minister of Sudan (b. 1917)
    • Windsor Davies, Welsh actor (b. 1930)
    • Mary Oliver, American poet (b. 1935)
    • Reggie Young, American musician (b. 1936)
  • January 18
    • John Coughlin, American pair skater (b. 1985)
    • Glen Wood, American race car driver (b. 1925)
  • January 19
    • Nathan Glazer, American sociologist (b. 1923)
    • Tony Mendez, American intelligence officer (b. 1940)
    • Henry Sy, Chinese-Filipino business magnate (b. 1924)
  • January 20Andrew G. Vajna, Hungarian-American film producer (b. 1944)
  • January 21
    • Kaye Ballard, American actress (b. 1925)
    • Tibor Baranski, Hungarian-American educator (b. 1922)
    • Maxine Brown, American country singer (b. 1931)
    • Henri, Count of Paris, Head of the House of Orléans (b. 1933)
    • Harris Wofford, American politician and Civil Rights activist (b. 1926)
  • January 22Andrew Fairlie, Scottish Chef (b. 1963)
  • January 23
    • Diana Athill, British literary editor, novelist and memoirist (b. 1917)
    • Jonas Mekas, Lithuanian-born American filmmaker, poet, and artist (b. 1922)
    • Hidekichi Miyazaki, Japanese athlete (b. 1910)
    • Oliver Mtukudzi, Zimbabwean musician, businessman, and philanthropist (b. 1952)
    • Aloysius Pang, Singaporean actor (b. 1990)
  • January 24Fernando Sebastián Aguilar, Spanish cardinal (b. 1929)
  • January 25
    • Fatima Ali, Pakistani-born American chef (b. 1989)
    • Florence Knoll, American architect and furniture designer (b. 1917)
    • Krishna Sobti, Indian Hindi-language fiction writer and essayist (b. 1925)
    • Dušan Makavejev, Serbian film director (b. 1932)
  • January 26
    • Jean Guillou, French composer, organist, and pianist (b. 1930)
    • Michel Legrand, French composer (b. 1932)
    • Ndaye Mulamba, Congolese footballer (b. 1948)
  • January 27Peter Magowan, American businessman (b. 1942)
  • January 28Pepe Smith, Filipino rock musician (b. 1947)
  • January 29
    • George Fernandes, Indian politician (b. 1930)
    • James Ingram, American singer-songwriter (b. 1952)
    • Sanford Sylvan, American baritone (b. 1953)
  • January 30
    • Stewart Adams, British chemist (b. 1923)
    • Dick Miller, American actor (b. 1928)
  • January 31
    • Ron Joyce, Canadian businessman (b. 1930)
    • Pierre Nanterme, French business executive (b. 1959)

February[]

Julie Adams Andy Griffith Show 1962 (cropped)

Julie Adams

  • February 1
    • Jeremy Hardy, English comedian (b. 1961)
    • Clive Swift, English actor and songwriter (b. 1936)
    • Wade Wilson, American football player and coach (b. 1958)
  • February 2William Davis, German-born British journalist (b. 1933)
  • February 3
    • Julie Adams, American actress (b. 1926)
    • Detsl, Russian hip hop artist (b. 1983)
    • Carmen Duncan, Australian actress and activist (b. 1942)
    • Stephen Negoesco, Romanian-American soccer player and coach (b. 1925)
    • Kristoff St. John, American actor (b. 1966)
  • February 4
    • Isacio Calleja, Spanish footballer (b. 1936)
    • Bernard Lietaer, Belgian engineer and economist (b. 1942)
    • John Otho Marsh Jr., American politician, 14th United States Secretary of the Army (b. 1926)
    • Matti Nykänen, Finnish Olympic-winning ski jumper and singer (b. 1963)
    • Leonie Ossowski, German writer (b. 1925)

In fiction[]

  • 21st century in fiction

Genealogical events[]

People of the year 2019 at Familypedia

7 people were born in 2019

 FatherMotherAge mother at birth
Atlas Noa Babel (2019)Matt Alexandros Babel (1980)Shannon Ashley Garcia Mitchell (1987)
Jonathan Heights Chu (2019)Jonathan Murray Chu (1979)Kristin Kathleen Hodge (1988)
Joseph Fraye (2019-)Francois-Xavier Fraye (1979-)Alix de la Poëze (1981-)
Daniel Isaksen (2019-)David Erland Isaksen (1985-)Kaja-Lena Trachmann (1983-)
Archie Harrison Mountbatten-Windsor (2019)Henry Windsor (1984)Rachel Meghan Markle (1981)
McLaurin Clement Williams (2019)Zachary Pym Williams (1983)Olivia June (1986)
Guy de Dampiere (2019-)Guillaume de Dampierre (1985-)Alix de Ligne (1984-)

0 children were born to the 1 women born in 2019

41 people died in 2019

 FatherMotherAge at death
Fuyumi Akizuki (1952-2019)
Michele Beavers (1939-2019)Dennis Beavers (1918-1989)Josephine Hughes (1916-1992)
Royston Sidney Blackmore (1932)Hubert Stanley Blackmore (1894-1940)Ida Gale (1894-1937)
Mahendra Prasad BurmanShribhuvan Shaw
Gheorghe Cantacuzino (1937-2019)Ion Filotti-Cantacuzino (1908-1975)Elena Warthiadi (1912-2001)
Cristina Colfescu (c1945-2019)
Thomas Gerald Culley (1934-2019)Thomas James Culley (1908-1977)Rose McGoldrick (1909-1988)
Barbara Demetriescu (1938-2018)Teophil Demetriescu (1891-1958)Sonia Bruhns (1913-1996)
Jeremy Michael Diggs (1946-2019)Michael Daniel Diggs (1917-1999)Michelle Forbes (1920-2000)
Sava Dumitrescu (1927-2019)
Marcos Antonio Humberto Ferraez (1938-2019)Marcos Antonio Humberto Ferrarez (1914-1995)Patrizia Tarantini (1917-1992)
Peter Henry Fonda (1940-2019)Henry Jaynes Fonda (1905-1982)Frances Ford Seymour (1908-1950)
Jenna Louise Hawkins (1919-2019)Halsey Sinchair Hawkins (1894-1982)Jessie Laura Sherrard (1898-1981)
Doris Mary Kappelhoff (1922-2019)William Joseph Kappelhoff (1892-1967)Alma Sophie Welz (1895-1976)
Charles Kastner (1924-2019)Abraham Kastner (1898-1956)Etta Herscovitch (1901-1949)
... further results

152 people lived in 2019

 FatherMother
Darrell Leslie Adair (1964-2022)Delbert William Adair (1934-1976)Janice Rae Holliday (1938-2018)
J Brent Adair (1935-2020)Gerald Wayne Adair (1908-1989)Ina Johnson (1912-1993)
Pearl Agron (1965-2021)Andrew Agron (1942-2010)Shelley Fridman (1944-2012)
Fuyumi Akizuki (1952-2019)
Terry Roland Anderson (1950-2020)Roland Neal Anderson (1929-2017)LaVurne Marcella Grone (1930-2013)
William Reierson Arbuthnot (1950-2021)John Sinclair-Wemyss Arbuthnot (1912-1992)(Margaret) Jean Duff (1919)
Elkanah Babbitt (1690-1754)Elkanah Babbitt (1665-1735)Elizabeth Briggs (1666-1735)
Herbert Lee Bailey (1933-2020)
Goichi Banno (1955-2020)Hiromoto Banno (1928-2008)Junko Sunaga (1930-2010)
Vladimir Baranovschi (1937-2021)
Michele Beavers (1939-2019)Dennis Beavers (1918-1989)Josephine Hughes (1916-1992)
Harold George Belafonte (1927-2023)Harold George Bellanfanti (1900-1990)Melvine Clarasteen Love (1906-1988)
Royston Sidney Blackmore (1932)Hubert Stanley Blackmore (1894-1940)Ida Gale (1894-1937)
Stewart Prestly Blake (1914-2021)Ralph Earle (1605-1678)Joan Savage (1609-1699)
Olinda Bonturi (1927-2022)Guido Bonturi (1893-1965)Argentina Pardini (1892-1952)
... further results

Events of the year 2019 at Familypedia

13 people were married in 2019.

 Joined with
Matthew James Bellamy (1978)Kate Garry Hudson (1979)+ Lindsey Gayle Evans (1989)
Jean-Christophe Napoléon Bonaparte (1986-)Olympia von und zu Arco-Zinneberg (1988-)
Nicolas Kim Coppola (1964)Christina Ann Fulton (1967)+ Patricia Tiffany Arquette (1968)+ Lisa Marie Presley (1968-2023)+ Alice Yung Kim (1984)+ Erika Koike (1984)+ Riko Shibata (1993)
Karl Lewis Glusman (1988)Zoë Isabella Kravitz (1988)
Dwayne Douglas Johnson (1972)Dany Garcia (1969)+Lauren Hashian (1984)
Zoë Isabella Kravitz (1988)Karl Lewis Glusman (1988)+ Channing Matthew Tatum (1980)
Rosemary McGarvey (1961)Brian Francis Kane (1962)+Adrian Doherty (1966)
Marília Dias Mendonça (1995-2021)Murilo Huff (1995-)
Christopher Michael Pratt (1979)Anna Kay Faris (1976)+ Katherine Eunice Schwarzenegger (1989)
Wyatt Hawn Russell (1986)Sanne Lotto Hamers (1990)+ Meredith Kathleen Hagner (1987)
Katherine Eunice Schwarzenegger (1989)Christopher Michael Pratt (1979)
Holly Taylor (1997)Joseph John Salvatore Boyce (1996)
Otto zu Castell-Rüdenhausen (1985-)Sophia Maulner von Markhof

There were 0 military battles in 2019.


0.046052631578947 0 0.26973684210526
2019


See also[]

External links[]

References[]

  1. ^ "The United Nations proclaims the international year of the periodic table of chemical elements". https://iupac.org/united-nations-proclaims-international-year-periodic-table-chemical-elements/. 
  2. ^ "Public Domain Day 2019". Center for the Study of the Public Domain. https://law.duke.edu/cspd/publicdomainday/2019/. Retrieved January 17, 2019. 
  3. ^ Moss, Trefor (2019-01-03). "China Lands Probe on the ‘Dark Side’ of the Moon". The Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/china-lands-probe-on-dark-side-of-the-moon-11546493599. Retrieved 2019-01-03. 
  4. ^ "Ukraine Orthodox Church granted independence from Russian Church". BBC. 5 January 2019. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-46768270. Retrieved 8 January 2019. 
  5. ^ "Malaysia king: Sultan Muhammad V abdicates in historic first". 6 January 2019. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-46775499. 
  6. ^ "¿Venezuela tiene un presidente interino?". Semana. 11 January 2019. https://www.semana.com/mundo/articulo/juan-guaido-esta-dispuesto-a-asumir-como-presidente-interino-en-venezuela/597392. Retrieved 2019-01-13. 
  7. ^ "Nación: Se eleva a 125 el número de muertos por explosión de ducto en Tlahuelilpan" (in Spanish). El Universal. 4 February 2019. https://www.eluniversal.com.mx/nacion/politica/se-eleva-125-el-numero-de-muertos-por-explosion-de-ducto-en-tlahuelilpan. 
  8. ^ "2 Killed As Magnitude-6.7 Earthquake Strikes Chile". 20 January 2019. https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/2-killed-as-magnitude-6-7-earthquake-strikes-chile-1980559. Retrieved 22 January 2019. 
  9. ^ "Venezuelan President Maduro is severing diplomatic ties with the US". 23 January 2019. https://www.vox.com/world/2019/1/23/18194881/venezuela-maduro-diplomats-trump-guaido. Retrieved 23 January 2019. 
  10. ^ "40 dead, almost 300 missing after dam collapse in Brazil" (in en). 2019-01-27. https://abcnews.go.com/International/34-dead-300-feared-missing-dam-collapse-brazil/story?id=60630590. 
  11. ^ agency, AFP news (2019-01-27). "#BREAKING Ten people have been killed in a "terrorist attack" in northern Burkina Faso, West Africa, a security source sayspic.twitter.com/OkAjWcRwjk" (in en). https://twitter.com/AFP/status/1089617418740215809. 
  12. ^ "US files charges against China's Huawei and CFO Meng Wanzhou". BBC News. 28 January 2019. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-47036515. Retrieved 28 January 2019. 
  13. ^ "Donald Trump confirms US withdrawal from INF nuclear treaty". The Guardian. 1 February 2019. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/feb/01/inf-donald-trump-confirms-us-withdrawal-nuclear-treaty. Retrieved 1 February 2019. 
  14. ^ "INF nuclear treaty: Russia follows US in suspending pact". BBC News. 2 February 2019. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-47101429. Retrieved 2 February 2019. 
  15. ^ "Philippine army in deadly battle with Abu Sayyaf after Jolo blast". https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/02/philippine-army-deadly-battle-abu-sayyaf-jolo-blast-190202141556484.html. 
  16. ^ "Syria war: Aleppo building collapse kills 11". https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-47103109. 
  17. ^ "Pope Francis Makes ‘Historic’ Gulf Tour Amid Yemen Crisis and Christian Repression". The New York Times. 3 February 2019. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/03/world/middleeast/pope-francis-uae-mideast-muslims.html. Retrieved 5 February 2019. 
  18. ^ {{cite web|title=Car bomb explodes in Somalia, killing at least 10 people|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/04/africa/mogadishu-car-bomb-intl/index.html%7Cdate=4 February 2019|accessdate=5 February 2019|publisher=CNN
  19. ^ {{cite web |title=Taliban launch deadly attacks as they attend Afghan peace talks|url=https:https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/02/taliban-launch-deadly-attack-attend-afghan-peace-talks-190205085507913.html%7Cdate=5 February 2019| accessdate=5 February 2019|publisher=Al Jazeera
  20. ^ Groves, Jason; Ledwith, Mario (9 November 2017). "Brexit date for UK to leave EU set for March 29, 2019". The Daily Mail. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-5068373/Brexit-date-set-leave-hour-early.html. Retrieved 26 January 2018. 
  21. ^ Elza Astari Retaduari (25 April 2017). "Pileg dan Pilpres Serentak Digelar 17 April 2019, Ini Tahapannya" (in id). https://news.detik.com/berita/d-3483078/pileg-dan-pilpres-serentak-digelar-17-april-2019-ini-tahapannya. Retrieved 11 November 2017. 
  22. ^ Sieg, Linda; Kaneko, Kaori (30 November 2017). "Japan's Emperor Akihito to abdicate on April 30, 2019". Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-japan-emperor/japans-emperor-akihito-to-abdicate-on-april-30-2019-idUSKBN1DV3AS. Retrieved 1 December 2017. 
  23. ^ NASA - Total Solar Eclipse of 2019 July 02, 2018-01-29, https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsearch/SEsearchmap.php?Ecl=20190702, retrieved 2018-12-29 
  24. ^ NASA: Annular Solar Eclipse of 2019 December 26, 2009-09-15, http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsearch/SEsearchmap.php?Ecl=20191226, retrieved 2010-08-07 
  25. ^ "Home Page". European Spallation Source. 2015-08-11. http://www.europeanspallationsource.se. 


This page uses content from the English language Wikipedia. The original content was at 2019. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with this Familypedia wiki, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons License.
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