Bethlehem, New York

Bethlehem is a town in Albany County, New York, USA. The population was 33,656 at the 2010 census. The town is south of Albany. Bethlehem includes the following hamlets: Delmar, Elsmere, Slingerlands, Glenmont, Selkirk, South and North Bethlehem. U.S. Route 9W passes through the town. The town is named after the biblical Bethlehem.

History
When Henry Hudson sailed up the river that would eventually bear his name, he is thought to have landed at what is now the town of Bethlehem. The spot where he is presumed to have landed is commemorated at the town's Henry Hudson Park. The town was established on March 12, 1793 from the town of Watervliet. In 1832, part of the town was used to form the town of New Scotland.

The town's earliest growth took place in Normansville named for its location along the Normans Kill, a creek, which forms the town's border with Albany. Normansville still exists today, though it is unnoticed by most living in Bethlehem since it is accessible only by one downhill road (McCormick Rd. which has no outlet). In the mid-19th century the Delaware and Hudson railroad initiated service into the hamlet then called Adamsville, renaming the hamlet Delmar. Delmar has become the most populous hamlet and its Delaware Avenue is the site of the present day town hall, police station, justice court, and public library, as well as numerous businesses. The railroad discontinued passenger service in the 1960s and its tracks started being removed in the year 2000 with the last of the track removed in 2005. The town has continued to grow, and is today considered to be an affluent suburb of the city of Albany.

Local landmarks
The town includes several historic buildings and landmarks.


 * Four Corners: This Delmar intersection of Delaware Avenue and Kenwood Avenue has served as the town's traditional center. It is the location of several stores, banks, restaurants and the post office. It is within walking distance of most Delmar residents.
 * Adams House: In 1838 Nathaniel Adams built a hotel on Delaware Avenue. This stately building later served as the Town Hall. In 1980, the Town Hall moved to a larger location, and the volunteer fire department took over the building. Today, Adams House is used as the headquarters of the New York State Association of Retarded Citizens. The Delmar Fire Department maintains the fire station to the rear of the structure, at the intersection of Nathaniel and Adams Streets.
 * Beckers Homestead: Albertus Becker built this house in 1800. His grandson, Albertus Becker II, was elected as Town Supervisor in 1863.
 * Bethlehem House: listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1973.
 * District School No. 1: listed on the NRHP in 1998.
 * Memorial Park: A small pocket park along Delaware Avenue to honor the town's war veterans. The park provides pedestrian access to the old Delaware & Hudson railway bed. The railway bed is being converted to a bike trail (rails to trails program) as funds become available.
 * Elm Avenue Park: The town's largest park, it is a popular summertime gathering point. It includes three outdoor swimming pools, a splash zone for toddlers, playground, basketball and tennis courts. Winter activities include ice skating, hockey, cross country skiing, sledding, and snowmobiling.  Admission to the pool area is restricted to town residents and their guests under a fee-based system.
 * Bethlehem Central Middle School: This was built as the Senior High School in the Federalist style. Over the years it has had several additions. Its facilities include outdoor tennis courts, basketball courts, softball fields, running track, cross country trails, and soccer fields.  These facilities are open to the public when the school is not in session. The high school was moved to a new building and this was adapted as a middle school.
 * Delaware Plaza: A shopping plaza built in the 1950s, located on Delaware Avenue in Elsmere. Delaware Plaza is home to a large supermarket (Hannaford) as well as some 30 other shops and restaurants.
 * Delmar post office: Built in the late 1930s during the Depression, it is the only one of the 13 Colonial Revival-style New York post offices designed by Louis Simon to lack a cupola.
 * Albany County Helderberg-Hudson Rail Trail: Made from the pre-existing path of the Delaware and Hudson railroad. The tracks have since been removed and is currently paved from Tollgate in New Scotland to the Port of Albany (Roughly the Corner of Lexi Lane and S. Pearl Street)

Politics
Town government had been dominated for over 120 years by the Republican Party. That changed in 2003 with the election of Democrats Theresa Egan as Town Supervisor and Dan Plummer, along with Independence Party member Tim Gordon, creating a new majority on the town board for the first time in recollection. The Democrats further solidified their majority in 2005. On April 11, 2007, Supervisor Egan resigned her position, and the Bethlehem Town Board acting immediately, voted unanimously to appoint John H. (Jack) Cunningham to fill the vacancy. He was sworn into office on April 12, 2007 and was elected to serve a full term in November 2007.

Cunningham ran for reelection as town supervisor in November 2009 but was defeated by Councilman Sam Messina. Messina, a member of the Independence Party (and former member of the Democratic Party), ran on the Republican line.

When the Republican Party chose to endorse Democratic Councilman Kyle Kotary for town supervisor in May 2011, then-supervisor Messina announced he would not seek reelection. John Clarkson defeated Kotary in the Democratic primary for the town supervisor position in September 2011, and Clarkson subsequently defeated Kotary in the general election in November 2011. Clarkson was sworn in as Bethlehem's current supervisor on January 2, 2012.

In the last several decades, shifting social tides as well as migration from local cities, such as Albany and Troy, into the suburbs has resulted in the town becoming solidly Democratic in the political leaning of its inhabitants, a shift from previous years.

Education
Most town residents live within the Bethlehem Central School District. The town operates five public elementary schools – Hamagrael, Elsmere, Slingerlands, Glenmont and Eagle Elementary. A sixth elementary school, Clarksville, was closed indefinitely at the end of the 2010-2011 school year. The building remains property of the Bethlehem Central School District and is currently leased to the Albany County Sheriff's Department. According to the District web site, Clarksville school will remain closed for the indefinite future due to declining enrollment and economic issues.

Bethlehem Central School District Elementary schools include students up to grade 5. The Bethlehem Central Middle School educates children in grades 6, 7 and 8, while the Bethlehem Central High School includes grades 9–12.

The town also includes the School of Saint Thomas the Apostle, a Catholic school for grades K–8 located across from the Catholic Church. Additionally, an independent school known as Bethlehem Children's School exists for students in K–8, offering a creative, child centered environmental education approach to learning.

The school district offers Continuing Education classes in a variety of topics for adult learners of all ages. The school district also provides busing and most textbooks for families who choose to educate their children in private schools.

Residents in the hamlet of North Bethlehem are part of the Guilderland Central School District. Residents in the hamlets of Selkirk and South Bethlehem are part of the Ravena-Coeymans-Selkirk Central School District. One of the two elementary schools of the district, Albertus W. Becker Elementary School, is in Selkirk.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 49.6 sqmi, of which, 48.8 sqmi of it is land and 0.8 sqmi of it (1.55%) is water.

Location and adjacent areas
The town is in Albany County, New York. The east town line, defined by the Hudson River, is the border of Rensselaer County. To the north, the town shares a border with Albany, and the town of Guilderland. To the west is the town of New Scotland, and to the south is the town of Coeymans.

The New York State Thruway (Interstate 87) passes through the town. The town is also served by the CDTA number 13 (New Scotland Avenue), 18 (Delaware Avenue), and 19 (Voorheesville) busses.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 31,304 people, 12,112 households, and 8,551 families residing in the town. The population density was 641.3 people per square mile (247.6/km²). There were 12,459 housing units at an average density of 255.2 per square mile (98.6/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 94.74% White, 2.26% African American, 0.15% Native American, 1.66% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.31% from other races, and 0.84% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.74% of the population.

There were 12,112 households out of which 36.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.0% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.4% were non-families. 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.06.

In the town, the population was spread out with 27.5% under the age of 18, 5.2% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 25.8% from 45 to 64, and 14.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 90.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.5 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $63,169, and the median income for a family was $77,211. Males had a median income of $52,433 versus $36,739 for females. The per capita income for the town was $31,492. About 2.3% of families and 3.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.6% of those under age 18 and 2.8% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * E. G. Squier (1821-1888), archaeologist and newspaper editor
 * Megyn Kelly, Fox News anchor, Bethlehem Central graduate
 * John King, Jr., New York State Education Commissioner
 * Susie Essman, American stand-up comedian, actress, writer, television producer, and voice artist
 * Eva Marie Saint, American actress who has starred in films, on Broadway, and on television in a career spanning seven decades.
 * Gilbert Milligan Tucker (1880-1968), wealthy businessman, Titanic survivor and publisher of The Country Gentleman
 * Vincent Martin Bonventre, American law professor
 * James Charles, makeup artist, first male spokesmodel for CoverGirl, Bethlehem Central graduate

Communities and locations in Bethlehem

 * Beckers Corners: hamlet in the south part of the town at Route 9W.
 * Bethlehem Center: hamlet in the northeast part of the town.
 * Bethlehem Heights: community east of South Bethlehem, and often associated with it.
 * Callahans Corners: location at the southwest corner of the town.
 * Cedar Hill: hamlet in the southeast part of the town, east of the Thruway.
 * Delmar: hamlet near the center of the town and the location of the town government. Formerly known as Adamsville.
 * Elsmere: hamlet east of and adjacent to Delmar.
 * Glenmont: hamlet in the eastern part of the town.
 * Henry Hudson Park: park east of Cedar Hill at the Hudson River.
 * Houcks Corners: hamlet south of Delmar.
 * Mallorys Corners: location in the south part of the town.
 * Meyers Corners: location in the south part of the town.
 * Normansville: hamlet in the north part of the town.
 * North Bethlehem: hamlet at the north town line in the northeast part of the town.
 * Selkirk: hamlet east of South Bethlehem.
 * Slingerlands: hamlet immediately west of Delmar and near the west town line.
 * Spawn Hollow: community in the southwest corner of the town, often associated with South Bethlehem.
 * South Albany: hamlet in the south part of the town, north of South Bethlehem.
 * South Bethlehem: hamlet in the south part of the town.
 * Wemple: hamlet in the southeast part of the town.