Riverstone, New South Wales

Riverstone is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Riverstone is located 48 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Blacktown. Riverstone (pronounced "Riverston") is part of the Greater Western Sydney region. Riverstone is colloquially known as 'Rivo'.

History
Prior to settlement and colonisation of Australia, the area that was to become known as Riverstone was inhabited by the Darug tribe. Most of these people died due to introduced diseases following the arrival of the First Fleet, and the remainder were largely relocated to government farms and a series of settlements.

The Sydney Cove region originally settled in 1788 turned out to be unsuitable for farming, and after a number of years of near-famine in the colony, efforts were made to relocate food production inland to hopefully more climatically stable regions. In 1803 a government stock farm was established in what was to become the Riverstone/Marsden Park area, on the basis of the abundant water supply and good grazing land there. In 1810 Lieut-Col Maurice Charles O'Connell was granted 2,500 acres (10 km²) of land in the district, which he named "Riverston Farm", after his birthplace in Ireland. (The "e" at the end first appeared on railway timetables in the 1860s, apparently a misprint that has become the accepted spelling).

Originally, beef cattle farmed in the area were driven overland to the Hawkesbury River for transport by sailing ship to the convict settlement at Sydney Cove. The construction of the Sydney to Richmond Railway line in the 1864 both eliminated the need for this and opened up the region to non-rural development. An important meatworks was established there in 1878, undergoing various stages of rebuilding and expansion until it closed permanently in 1992.

In 1988, as part of a Federal Government programme to commemorate the 200th anniversary of European settlement in Australia, a heritage museum was established in the old Masonic hall.

Developments


In the 1880s O'Connell's widow subdivided and sold off most of the original grant, and a pattern of intersecting streets was laid out, mostly named after famous streets in London (eg Piccadilly Street, Gladstone Parade etc). A substantial railway station, churches and other infrastructure were also constructed. The presumption was that Riverstone was set to become an important regional centre but his did not actually happen.

Most of the allotments were eventually taken up for suburban housing but a few of the original 1880s blocks remain vacant to the present day. Riverstone terrace, erected in 1883, is a curious relic of the anticipated 19th century population boom. It was meant to be the first of a row of high-density terrace housing units that would run the length of Garfield road. However this single block and the small unit next to it were the only ones ever built. For many years the sight of a high density inner-city housing block situated in an empty country paddock remained a bizarre local landmark.

Riverstone remained small country town until the beginning of the 21st century when a housing boom made it part of the urban sprawl. On its northern side Riverstone still has a large and thriving industrial area. Poultry farming and intensive market gardening are also still important activities in the area.

Schools
Riverstone features two Public schools:Riverstone High School and Riverstone Public School. It also has three Private schools: Norwest Christian College (formerly known as Coverdale Christian School), St Johns Catholic School and Australian Christian College. Australian Christian College has two components: the day school (formerly known as Allowera Christian School); and the distance education school, which serves home educated students throughout the whole state of New South Wales.

Churches

 * Riverstone Baptist Church - corner McCulloch and Regent Streets
 * Riverstone Community Church - corner Garfield Road East and Hamilton Street
 * Riverstone Anglican Church (St Pauls) - 19 Elizabeth Street
 * Riverstone Uniting Church - corner Oxford Street and Garfield Road East
 * St Johns Catholic Church - corner Garfield Road East and McCulloch Street
 * Voice of Victory Church - Sam Lane Centre, Park Street
 * Free Presbyterian - corner Oxford and Regent Streets

Transport
Riverstone is situated between the Richmond Road running from Blacktown to Richmond, and the Windsor Road running from Windsor to North Parramatta. Windsor Road is currently (July 7) undergoing a major upgrade to four lanes.

Riverstone railway station is on the Richmond branch of the Western railway line on the Cityrail network, between Blacktown and Richmond. From dawn to about 9pm, commuter trains to Sydney leave at approximately 30 minute intervals, in most cases coinciding with the arrival of a train from Sydney. After that they shift to an hourly schedule. Depending on the hour, train services running through Riverstone offer a varying number of "limited stops" to the Sydney CBD and the majority then continue over the Sydney Harbour Bridge to the North Shore line and Hornsby or Berowra. Apart from the city stations, transfer to most other lines is easily made at Strathfield, Redfern or Parramatta, and other stops that offer fewer choices. The peak-hour journey from Riverstone to Central takes a little over an hour, and another 20 minutes to the popular destination of Chatswood.

Riverstone is one of the few suburbs left in the Sydney region with a level crossing with old-fashioned boom gates. This view looking West onto the undeveloped flood-prone paddocks is popular with Sydney film and TV commercial makers as a stand-in for a small country railway station. The final parting scene in the film Beneath Clouds was shot there.

The M7 Motorway can be accessed by the Richmond Road ramp to provide faster access from Riverstone to the City. Riverstone and surrounding suburbs have a continuous motorway link to Sydney Airport via the Lane Cove Tunnel.

National Broadband Network (NBN)
Riverstone has been named as one of the Second release sites in the rollout of the National Broadband Network. This will bring high-speed internet to the area, enabling a range of services to be employed.