July 16

Events

 * - The beginning of the.
 * - The first in  are issued by the  bank.
 * - Manchu/Chinese naval forces under commander  defeat the  in the  near the.
 * - Father founds, the first mission in . The mission later evolves into the city of.
 * - : forces led by   capture  from  troops.
 * - First performance of 's opera .
 * - Grants of land in to   are announced.
 * - The signing of the establishes a site along the  as the  (seat of government).
 * - : becomes the first.
 * 1862  -  is discovered by.
 * -  becomes the first woman licenced to practice medicine in.
 * -  signs the first  of.
 * - ' gets a hit in his 56th consecutive game.
 * 1941  -  convened top  leaders at his headquarters in  to dictate how they would rule the newly occupied eastern territories., the "jewel" in the  empire, would become a  colony.
 * - : : The government orders   officers to round up 13,000-20,000 s and imprison them in the . In,   officially recognizes the  police's responsibility.
 * - : The begins when the  successfully detonates a -based test  at the  near.
 * 1945  - British Prime Minister, US President  and Soviet leader , gather in , , to decide the future of the defeated.
 * - The city of, hometown of , capitulated to troops during Operation  led by , after little more than token resistance, during.
 * - The novel  by published.
 * 1951  - King  abdicates in favour of his son,.
 * -   flies a   jet from  to  in 3 hours, 23 minutes and 8 seconds setting a new transcontinental speed record.
 * - The linking  with  opens.
 * - :  launches from and will become the first  to land on the.
 * - : Former aide  informs the  that   had secretly recorded potentially-incriminating conversations.
 * -  resigns and is replaced by.
 * - wins the Republican presidential nomination at the party's convention in.
 * - becomes 's 4th Prime Minister until retired on, . Making him Asia's longest-serving political leaders (22 years as ).
 * - : helicopter crash off the, causing 20 fatalities.
 * - The two biggest British airlines, and  are to merge and create a carrier to compete with the giant American air corporations.
 * - In the, an measuring 7.7 on the  kills over 1600.
 * - The planet is hit by fragments of the  comet.
 * 1994  - The  in  ends.
 * -, his wife , and sister-in-law are killed in a plane crash off the coast of . The  aircraft was piloted by Kennedy.
 * - The and the  sign the.
 * - The ns reject a referendum for increased autonomy from by a very thin majority: 50.98 percent against, and 49.02 percent for.
 * -, considered the first and most ambitious architectural project in the early for , is opened to the public by.
 * - An earthquake of magnitude 6.8 and aftershock of 6.6 occur off the Niigata coast,, killing 8 people with at least 800 injured and damaging a nuclear power plant. See.

Births

 * - Saint, Italian follower of (d. )
 * -, Italian painter (d. )
 * -, Queen of Poland (d. 1644)
 * -, French military engineer (d. )
 * -, English sculptor (d. )
 * -, English painter (d. )
 * -, Continental Congress president (d. )
 * -, French painter (d. )
 * -, American religious leader (d. )
 * -, Belgian violinist (d. )
 * -, American civil rights activist (d. )
 * -, Irish scholar (d. )
 * -, Norwegian explorer (d. )
 * -, first chairman of the (d. )
 * -, American photographer and artist (d. )
 * -, Russian memoirist (d. )
 * -, American actor (d. )
 * 1888  -, Dutch physicist,  (d. )
 * -, American baseball player (d. )
 * 1889  -, American comedian (d. )
 * -, Norwegian politician, first (d. )
 * 1896  -, German eugenicist and Nazi physician (d. )
 * 1896  -, American actress (d. )
 * -, Russian psychologist (d. )
 * -, Canadian musician (d. )
 * 1903  -, American actress (d. )
 * 1903  -, German judge (d. )
 * -, American film director (d. )
 * -, American educator and television personality (d. )
 * 1907  -, American farmer and businessman (d. )
 * 1907  -, American actress (d. )
 * -, American actress and dancer (d. )
 * 1911  -, American actor (d. )
 * -, American baseball player (d. )
 * -, American actor (d. )
 * -, (d. )
 * 1919  -, Nazi war criminal (d. )
 * -, American educator
 * -, American beauty queen
 * -, American musician (d. )
 * -, American biologist,
 * -, English novelist
 * 1928  -, American author (d. )
 * 1928  -, American politician
 * 1928  -, Danish tenor (d. )
 * -, American politician
 * 1930  -, Egyptian-born French singer and songwriter
 * -, American football player (d. )
 * 1932  -, American politician
 * -, 38th
 * 1934  -, American politician
 * -, American musician ()
 * -, American politician
 * -, English bass player (d. )
 * -, English actor
 * 1939  -, Italian choir director (d. )
 * -, Jamaican musician (d. )
 * -, Australian tennis player
 * -, Cuban poet (d. )
 * -, Irish visual artist
 * -, American politician
 * 1946  -, American actor
 * 1946  -, American football player
 * -, 23rd
 * 1947  -, American activist
 * 1947  -, American film director
 * -, Panamanian singer and actor
 * 1948  -, Israeli violinist
 * -, English darts player
 * 1950  -, Quebec politician
 * -, French-Canadian journalist
 * -, American drummer
 * 1952  -, American spy
 * -, American
 * -, American politician
 * -, American actor
 * 1956  -, American playwright
 * -, Russian writer
 * -, Irish-born American dancer
 * 1958  -, Canadian artist
 * 1958  -, American politician
 * -, American football player
 * 1959  -, American television executive
 * -, American baseball player
 * -, American actress
 * 1963  -, Slovenian footballer and coach
 * -, American poker player
 * 1964  -, Spanish cyclist
 * -, Canadian ice hockey player
 * 1965  -, American actor
 * 1965  -, Canadian porn star
 * -, English writer and broadcaster
 * -, American comedian
 * 1967  -, French con artist
 * -, Indian field hockey player
 * 1968  -, American football player
 * 1968  -, American co-founder of Wikipedia
 * -, Australian netballer
 * 1969  -, American actress
 * -, Thai film director
 * -, American singer
 * 1971  -, American actor
 * -, Italian cyclist
 * 1973  -, South African cricketer
 * 1973  -, American politician
 * -, American singer/songwriter and guitarist
 * 1974  -, American actor and  cast member
 * 1974  -, Australian rugby league and union footballer
 * -, Belgian racing car driver
 * 1975  -, Brazilian actress
 * -, Welsh keyboardist
 * -, American professional wrestler
 * 1976  -, Paraguyan footballer
 * 1976  -, Israeli tennis player
 * -, American actress
 * 1979  -, American basketball player
 * -, American pornographic actress
 * 1980  -, Australian golfer
 * -, Costa Rican footballer
 * -, Indian Actress
 * 1984  -, Japanese racing driver
 * -, New Zealand actor
 * -, Welsh footballer
 * -, American actor
 * -, American singer and actor

Deaths

 * - of Japan (b. )
 * - King
 * -, English Protestant (burned at the stake) (b. )
 * -, fourth wife of (b. )
 * -, author of  (b. )
 * - (b. )
 * -, Neapolitan rebel (b. )
 * -, German writer (b. )
 * -, English theologian (b. )
 * -, French war minister (b. )
 * -, German composer (b. )
 * -, Italian painter (b. )
 * -, English painter (b. )
 * -, British field marshal (b. )
 * -, Russian general (b. )
 * -, Australian politician (b. )
 * -, (b. )
 * -, American pulp novelist (b. )
 * -, French writer and critic (b. )
 * -, American co-founder of the (b. )
 * -, Russian microbiologist, (b. )
 * -, Polish-German composer (b. )
 * -, Swedish humanitarian (exact date of death uncertain) (b. )
 * -, Russian poet (b. )
 * -, English writer (b. )
 * -, German field marshal (b. )
 * 1960  -, American novelist (b. )
 * -, Spanish diplomat assassinated in 1976 by the Chilean
 * -, English countertenor (b. )
 * -, American musician (b. )
 * -, French actor (b. )
 * -, German writer, (b. )
 * 1985  -, American musician, songwriter and bandleader (b. )
 * -, (b. )
 * 1989  -, Austrian conductor (b. )
 * -, Irish educationist (b. )
 * 1990  -, English composer, conductor and organist (b. )
 * -, American painter (b. )
 * 1991  -, American politician (b. )
 * -, American football player (b. )
 * -, American physicist, (b. )
 * 1994  -, French Canadian priest, writer, preacher and broadcaster (b. )
 * -, Belgian-born American poet (b. )
 * 1995  -, English poet (b. )
 * -, American musician (b. )
 * 1996  -, German politician, (b. )
 * -, American historian and scholar (b. )
 * -, wife of John F. Kennedy, Jr. (b. )
 * 1999  -, American publisher (b. )
 * -, Belgian cartoonist (b. )
 * 2001  -, American professional wrestler (b. )
 * -, American computer scientist (b. )
 * -, Cuban musician (b. )
 * 2003  -, Canadian author (b. )
 * -, (b. )
 * -, Italian sculptor (b. )
 * 2005  - Prince  (b. )
 * 2005  -, Luxembourgish singer, lyricist, and entertainer (b. )
 * -, American professional wrestler (b. )
 * 2006  -,  (b. )

Holidays and observances

 * - (2nd day).
 * - National Day, as made official by  .  (Note:  In 1984, President Ronald Reagan designated July as National Ice Cream Month and the third Sunday of the month as National Ice Cream Day.)

Liturgical feasts

 * [common]
 * [Paris]
 * , martyrs [Gnesen, Agram]
 * [Rodez]
 * Translation of, abbot, confessor [Tournai]
 * , martyr [Puy]
 * , bishop, confessor [Arles, Autun]
 * , bishop of Antioch, confessor
 * , confessor [Poitiers, Luçon]
 * , bishops, confessors [Liège]
 * (Elier, Helerius), hermit, martyr [Coutances]
 * , martyr (sometimes confessor) [Magdeburg, Ratzeburg, Gnesen, Amiens, Arras, Beauvais]
 * , confessor [Limoges]
 * , bishops of, confessors [Liège; Bruges, without Gondulph]
 * Translation of, , confessor [Salisbury]
 * Translation of, , confessor [Norway, Orden]
 * Saint Tenenanus,, confessor [St. Pol de Léon]
 * Saint Valentine,, martyr [Trier]
 * Saint Elvira
 * Saint Reinhilde of Kontich
 * Virgen del Carmen Colombia
 * Virgen del Carmen Colombia