Rochester, Michigan

Rochester is a city in Metro Detroit, in northeast Oakland County, in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 12,711 at the 2010 census. The cities of Rochester and Rochester Hills are often referred to as "Rochester" by residents and visitors alike, although they are autonomous.

Communities
The city has the following neighborhoods:
 * Stoney Creek is a neighborhood on the northeast end of the city on the border with Rochester Hills.


 * Yates is shared with Shelby Charter Township, Macomb County and Rochester Hills.

History


The first settlers in what would become Rochester, the Graham family, built a log cabin in 1817. The cabin was located where the Quik Pik and Penn Station stores today exist at the intersection of Main and Second Street. The city was named for Rochester, New York, just like Rochester, Minnesota, as many early settlers to the area were formerly from the state of New York. The city became an industrial center with abundant water power from the Clinton River and Paint Creek. The interconnected waterways are no longer used for travel or local industry, but provide natural beauty, some fishing, and a healthy portion of the Clinton Watershed. Historically, past industries formerly located in Rochester included a refinery for sugar beets, a paper products company, and the Western Knitting Mills factory, which was later adapted and utilized during World War II for incendiary production—businesses that no longer exist in the area. Rochester was served by two railroads as well as the Detroit United Railway, a passenger trolley to Royal Oak and Detroit.

Chapman Mill Pond, east of downtown, disappeared into the Paint Creek when the dam broke during the flood of 1946. The reclaimed land is the site of the current post office, library, and Olde Towne Road. Water Street, formerly situated at the edge of the large pond, remains by its name a reminder of the pond's former existence.

Michigan became the 26th state in 1837, and the Village of Rochester was formed on April 12, 1869, within the boundaries of Avon Township. The Village of Rochester became a city in 1966, breaking away from Avon Township. Avon Township became the City of Rochester Hills in 1984, after the city of Rochester annexed 2.2 sqmi of Avon Township's land, more than doubling its size. By 1895, Rochester's population was 900.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.83 sqmi, all of it land. Since an annexation of a section of Avon Township (now Rochester Hills), the city has an Eastern boundary that extends to the border with Macomb County.

Culture
The city has held the annual "Rochester Hometown Christmas Parade" since 1951. Held on the first Sunday in December, it features over 100 units, and since 2003 has been broadcast live on local Detroit television station WXYZ-TV. The television station website claims it to now be Michigan's largest Christmas parade.

In 2006, the city had its first "Big Bright Light Show" for the Christmas season. The downtown businesses were covered in 500,000 individual lights. An expansion of the program after its initial inception expanded that coverage to a reported one million lights. Also aired by WXYZ-TV.

Architecture


Established in 1817, Rochester was one of Oakland County’s first settlements. Twenty-two buildings on Main Street are more than 50 years old, and several are on the State Register of Historic Places.
 * Rollin Sprague Building - The oldest commercial building in the downtown is the Rollin Sprague building, built in 1849 of coursed cobblestone. Since 1930 it has housed "The Home Bakery".


 * Opera House - The Opera House Building opened on November 8, 1890, as the social and cultural center of town. It featured movies, lectures, dances, commencements and other events until 1933. Ironically, an opera was never performed in the Opera House. Refurbished in 1987, it currently houses the Lytle Pharmacy.


 * Rochester Grain Elevator - Located at the corner of University Drive and Water Street is the Rochester Grain Elevator (originally named Griggs Grain Elevator), in the form of a red barn, and built in 1880. Until the 1970s, farmers brought their grain to the elevator to be shipped to Detroit.  After that time, its primary use has been as a supply store. An external restoration in the summer of 2009 worked toward returning the building to its former appearance.


 * Royal Park Hotel - In September, 2004, the Royal Park Hotel, a four-diamond luxury boutique hotel, designed by Victor Saroki opened in downtown Rochester. It cost $43 million to build. Several celebrities have stayed there, including Paul McCartney, Hugh Hefner, and former President George W. Bush (while seeking re-election).


 * Western Knitting Mills - The Western Knitting Mills, a large brick building on Water Street, was built in 1896. At one time, its annual output of 100,000 dozen pairs of gloves made it one of the largest glove producers in the world. Today the mill is fully restored, and home to The Rochester Mills brewery restaurant, as well as several other businesses.


 * RCS Administration Center is the former Rochester High School, at one point in its past serving kindergarten through graduating senior students. Built in 1889 but renovated at different times in its history, it opened as Rochester School (Avon #5), replacing an earlier school on that same site that had burned down in 1888. The property has been used for school purposes since 1847. Since the mid-1970s, the building has housed the Rochester Community Schools Board of Education offices and occasional related events, and is certainly one of the largest and noteworthy structures in the city.

Parks and recreation

 * Paint Creek and Clinton River Trails - City is at the cross section of two major "Rails-to-Trails" projects: the Paint Creek Trail and Clinton River trail.  These trails are used for recreational activities, like biking and walking.  They connect to several major parks, including Bloomer Park, Rochester Municipal Park, Stoney Creek Metropark and the Dinosaur Hill Nature Preserve. The majority of the area used for the trails and pathways include former railroad and interurban rail lines, long since converted to non-vehicular recreational use.
 * Paint Creek Center for the Arts - Paint Creek Center for the Arts is a regional non-profit art center dedicated to promoting the arts and artistic excellence through a full range of cultural programming including studio art classes for children and adults, exhibitions of emerging and established Michigan artists, outreach programs, community involvement and the annual Art & Apples Festival.
 * Rochester Avon Recreation Authority - The Rochester Avon Recreation Authority (RARA) has been a recreation provider to Rochester, Rochester Hills, and Oakland Township since 1946. It provides recreation programs from 12 months to adults in a variety of areas, such as dance, sports classes, sport leagues, pre-school classes, special events, fitness, skiing, etc.
 * Rochester Municipal Park, formerly called Avon Park, is the largest park area in the city, comprising a large portion of the downtown area. Linked with the Paint Creek trail system (and including a significant portion of the creek itself), it offers a quiet, naturalized setting, easily enjoyed from its own trail system, as well as two playground areas, lighted tennis courts, an outdoor music-stage amphitheater, the Rochester Community House, and the Kiwanis Pavilion. The 'duck pond' has been used in past winters for skating. The public park is home to free annual events such as the Art & Apples Festival, the Heritage Festival, and the summer concert series (Music In The Park).

Economy
Rochester has a vibrant downtown shopping district. The Farmer's Market takes place every Saturday, May through October. It features fresh produce, flowers, handmade goods and other products from Michigan.

Several city festivals take place in downtown: Dancing in the Streets (August), Music in the Park (Thursdays in summer), Art & Apples Festival (weekend after Labor Day in September), and the Heritage Festival (Memorial Day Weekend), which includes two classic automobile shows. Other scheduled, traditional civic celebrations and activities include Girls' Night Out, the Gallery Walk, Lagniappe, the Sidewalk Sales, Movies In The Moonlight, and the two-day Fire And Ice Festival. The popular Rockin' Rods classic car show each August features hundreds of rare and unusual automobiles, both domestic and imported.

The Older Persons Commission provides social and educational activities, nutritional meals, senior resource services, as well as health and wellness programs to community members 60+ years of age, in a new state-of-the-art facility built in 2002.

Demographics
As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $65,179, and the median income for a family was $92,078. Males had a median income of $62,486 versus $37,107 for females. The per capita income for the city was $36,989. About 0.6% of families and 2.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.0% of those under age 18 and 5.9% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 12,711 people, 5,514 households, and 3,195 families residing in the city. The population density was 3318.8 PD/sqmi. There were 5,994 housing units at an average density of 1565.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 88.6% White, 3.7% African American, 0.2% Native American, 5.5% Asian, 0.6% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.7% of the population.

There were 5,514 households out of which 30.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.3% were married couples living together, 7.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 42.1% were non-families. 35.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 3.09.

The median age in the city was 38.3 years. 25.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 29.4% were from 25 to 44; 26.4% were from 45 to 64; and 11.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.0% male and 52.0% female.

Government
The City of Rochester is governed by a seven-member city council and its mayor. City policy is then administered by a full-time city manager. The government provides full city services, including police, fire and water/sewer services, similar to many other communities in north Oakland County. Rochester Community Schools is the public school district encompassing Rochester and surrounding areas.

The City contracts with the neighboring City of Rochester Hills for public library services for the City's residents while the library itself is located in Rochester.

Notable people
This list includes people from the Rochester area (Rochester, Rochester Hills, and Oakland Township) (48306, 48307, 48309, 48363)
 * Marshall Bruce Mathers III (Eminem), Grammy-winning rapper/actor/producer/songwriter currently lives in Rochester with his daughters, half-brother and step-daughter.
 * Peter Vanderkaay, Olympic swimmer graduated from Rochester Adams High School in 2002. He won a gold medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics in the 4x200 free style relay. In the 2008 Beijing Olympics, Vanderkaay won the bronze medal in the 200m freestyle and the gold medal in the 4x200m freestyle relay.
 * Tommy Clufetos drummer for Ozzy Osbourne, Rob Zombie, Alice Cooper,Ted Nugent graduated from Rochester Adams High School
 * Roxy Petrucci, drummer of all-female rock/metal band Vixen in the 1980s.
 * Paul Davis, professional basketball player graduated from Rochester High School and earned Mr. Basketball of Michigan honors in 2002. He played for Michigan State University and was drafted by the Los Angeles Clippers in 2006.
 * Robert Simpson Woodward, physicist and mathematician was born in Rochester, Michigan in 1849. Among many achievements, he was a professor at Columbia University, president of the American Mathematical Society, and Dean of Carnegie Institute in Washington.
 * Dita Von Teese, burlesque artist, model and actress.
 * Jason Varitek, catcher for the Boston Red Sox, was born in Rochester, Michigan on April 11, 1972. In 2005 he was named the captain of the Red Sox, the third player given the honor.
 * Bob Keselowski, NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series driver, and his sons Brad and Brian.
 * Megan Goethals, 31st Footlocker National Cross Country Champion
 * Aileen Wuornos (born as Aileen Pittman), infamous American serial killer, born in Rochester, Michigan.
 * Rude Jude, television and radio personality, graduated from Rochester High School.
 * Amy Frazier, Rochester Adams High School graduate, is known for her professional tennis career that included twenty consecutive US Open appearances.
 * Shawn Hare, former baseball player with the Detroit Tigers, New York Mets, and Texas Rangers, attended Rochester Community Schools.
 * Jay Gibbons, baseball player with the Los Angeles Dodgers, Florida Marlins, and Baltimore Orioles, was born in Rochester.
 * Hal Foster (1892–1982), award-winning artist and writer of the comic strip Prince Valiant. Though born in Canada, Foster quietly lived in Rochester for a period during his work on that comic strip.
 * Christopher Howe, American actor
 * Brian Sell, a retired American marathoner, resides in Rochester Hills
 * Brad Keselowski, NASCAR driver, driver of the #2 Miller Lite Dodge for Penske Racing, current NASCAR points leader.
 * Walt Kowalczyk, professional American football player
 * Madonna Louise Ciccone, a/k/a Madonna - singer, actress who grew up in Rochester, Michigan & was born in Bay City, Michigan.
 * Karen Newman, Detroit Red Wings singer/actress
 * Dr. Bertha Van Hoosen (born 1863) was a pioneering obstetrician, gynecologist, and surgeon who achieved great success at a time when women were rare in the field of medicine. Born in the Stoney Creek village, she later founded the American Medical Women's Association, serving as its first president. In addition to authoring a famous autobiography (Petticoat Surgeon), Van Hoosen achieved a number of other accolades in her career.
 * Craig Owens (musician), former lead singer of Chiodos and Cinematic Sunrise
 * Joey Sturgis, American record producer currently resides in Rochester.
 * Ron Teachworth, educator, artist, writer and filmmaker
 * Matthew Baehr, Two-time gold Medalist USA Men's Hockey Team
 * Greg and Tim Hildebrandt, fantasy artists and painters of the original Star Wars movie poster.
 * Gregg Malicke, professional hockey player and two time NCAA Division I, men's hockey National Champion (1996 & 1998) with the University of Michigan.
 * Alec Martinez, Professional Hockey Player (Los Angeles Kings)
 * Elmore Leonard, American novelist and screenwriter