Islip, New York

Islip is one of ten towns in Suffolk County, New York (USA). Located on the south shore of Long Island, the town population was 335,543 at the 2010 census. Within the Town of Islip is a smaller, unincorporated hamlet and census-designated place also named Islip.

Demographics
At the 2000 census, there were 322,612 people, 98,936 households and 78,555 families residing in the town. The population density was 3,064.5 per square mile (1,183.1/km²). There were 104,278 housing units at an average density of 990.5 per square mile (382.4/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 77.25% White, 9.02% Black or African American, 0.26% Native American, 2.17% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 8.32% from other races, and 2.93% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 20.16% of the population.

There were 98,936 households of which 39.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.4% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.6% were non-families. 16.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.22 and the average family size was 3.55.

27.4% of the population were under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 32.4% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 9.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 96.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.1 males.

According to a 2006 estimate, the median household income was $78,991, and the median family income was $86,190. Males had a median income of $49,069 versus $33,660 for females. The per capita income for the town was $29,699. About 4.1% of families and 6.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.9% of those under age 18 and 7.0% of those age 65 or over.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 163.1 square miles (422.5 km²), of which, 105.3 square miles (272.7 km²) is land and 57.8 square miles (149.8 km²) (35.46%) is water.

The Town of Islip has the following boundaries: to the west, the town of Babylon (at approximately route 231); to the east, the town of Brookhaven (at approximately Nicoll's Road); to the north, approximately the Long Island Expressway; and to the south, the Atlantic Ocean. The town includes part of Fire Island and the Great South Bay.

Climate
Under Köppen's climate classification, Islip features a climate that straddles between a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) and a humid continental climate (Dfa). The town features hot, humid summers and cold winters. Precipitation is fairly evenly distributed throughout the course of the year, with the town averaging roughly 45 inches of precipitation annually. The town sees some moderating effects from the Atlantic Ocean, particularly when the winds blow from a southerly direction. However, Islip can experience very hot conditions during the summer and very cold conditions during the winter.

History
Matthias Nicoll moved to New York from Islip, Northamptonshire, England, in 1664. His son, William Nicoll, became a royal patentee of the east end of what is now the Town of Islip, and his domain extended from East Islip to Bayport and embraced Sayville, West Sayville, Oakdale, Great River, Islip Terrace, Central Islip, Hauppauge, Holbrook, Bohemia, Brentwood, Holtsville and a portion of Ronkonkoma. All of this land was purchased from Winne-quaheagh, Sachem (chief) of Connetquot in 1683. The annual fee paid to Governor Thomas Dongan of New York was five bushels of good winter wheat or 25 shillings. Other early land patentees were Andrew Gibb (Islip Hamlet), John Mowbray (Bay Shore, originally Awixa), Stephan Van Cortlandt (Sagtikos Manor), and Thomas Willets (West Islip).

By 1710, the colonial government passed an act to enable the precinct of Islip in the County of Suffolk to elect two assessors, a collector, a constable and a supervisor. The people had a voice. Growth, however, remained at a standstill until the Revolutionary War ended when, in the 17 years that followed, there was more progress than in the 50 years proceeding. This activity was partly due to the impact of American shipping.

By 1825, it was necessary to install a Fire Island light across the Great South Bay and regular ferry service between Bay Shore and Fire Island began in 1862. In 1867[?] the Long Island Rail Road came to Islip and the first depot was built. People were discovering Islip and the tourist trade soon took hold.

Tourism brought much wealth into the area and business spung up to service the hotels that began to dot the landscape. Some of those tourists stayed on and built summer homes, thus the vacationers and the town seemed to enjoy a mutual prosperity. But the old guard was changing. Early in the 20th century, diesel-powered ferries replaced the whale boats while housing developments and small manufacturing firms sprang up on the sites of old farms. Like the rest of the country, Islip and all of Long Island suffered during the Stock Market Crash and the Great Depression. When the veterans returned home from World War II, there was a housing shortage in New York City, but a rebirth on Long Island. Within a decade following the end of the war, Islip began to turn from a bucolic farming community into a bustling suburb, becoming what was once described as a "bedroom" of New York City. The influx of people was tremendous - from 71,000 in 1950 to 280,000 in 1970. Then, as growth continued eastward on Long Island, the pace in Islip slowed.

Mobro garbage
In 1987, the City of New York found that it had filled its landfill capacity. The city agreed to ship its garbage to Morehead City, North Carolina, where there were plans to convert it into methane. On March 22, 1987, the tugboat Break of Day towed the barge Mobro 4000 and its cargo of over 3,100 tons of trash. While in transit, a rumor spread that the 16 bundles of trash that contained hospital gowns, syringes and diapers was a contaminant that affected the entire load. In consequence, the state of North Carolina refused to accept the waste. After an 11-day delay, the Mobro made way to its home port in Louisiana, but that state, too, declined the waste. Similarly, Alabama, three other states, and the nations of Mexico, Belize and the Bahamas refused the load before the operators abandoned the plan and returned to New York.

Lowell Harrelson, the owner of the garbage, tried to negotiate for the Mobro to dock near the Borough of Queens, whence the refuse would be carried back to Islip by trucks. Claire Shulman, the President of Queens, was not consulted, however; she obtained a temporary restraining order that forced the waste to stay at sea. The Mobro and its decaying cargo stayed off the shores of Brooklyn until July, when the vessel was granted a federal anchorage in New Jersey. The court hearings ran until October, when it was agreed that the cargo should be incinerated in Brooklyn. The 430 tons of ash that remained from this process was added to the landfill in Islip.

In response to the garbage barge incident, the town of Islip developed Keep Islip Clean, WRAP, and other environmentally friendly initiatives to help bolster the image of the town.

Government and politics
The town is governed by a town supervisor, which is a similar position to that of a mayor, and four councilmembers elected at an at-large basis. There is also a town clerk and receiver of taxes, both duly elected. All of the elected officials serve staggered four year terms that are up for election in odd years, except when special election is held pursuant to state law. The current supervisor is Tom Croci.

The town board has jurisdiction over governmental affairs within the town's boundaries, excluding incorporated villages which have their own local government. Such things include passing a budget and enacting new laws.

The town had a long history of control by the Republican Party; punctuated by two years in 1967. In 1969, the Republicans returned to local power for another 38 years until the 2007 elections gave the Democrats control of the town board. Following a scandal in 2006, former Supervisor Pete McGowan resigned and resulted in the special election of Supervisor Phil Nolan. In 2007, Supervisor Nolan ran for his first full term in office with running mates John Edwards and Gene Parrington. All three were elected town-wide and the three Democrats took control of the Town Board for the first time since 1967.

In 2009, new voter registration skewed slightly towards the Democratic Party for the first time in the history of the Town of Islip.

In the 2009 elections, Islip Republicans gained one seat with the election of former News 12 personality Trish Bergin, and the re-election of Councilman Steven Flotteron; leaving the Democrats with a one seat majority.

The 2011 election witnessed the continued comeback of the Republican Party in Islip. Tom Croci, a veteran running in his first election, led an energized campaign that upset incumbent Supervisor Nolan. In addition, the rest of the Republican ticket was swept into office. Anthony Senft Jr. and John Cochrane Jr. became councilmen, replacing Gene Parrington and John Edwards. Olga Murray became Town Clerk, and Alexis Weik became Tax Receiver.

Economy
CA Technologies is based in Islandia. NBTY is based in Ronkonkoma.

Villages

 * Brightwaters
 * Islandia
 * Ocean Beach
 * Saltaire

Hamlets

 * Bay Shore
 * Bayport
 * Baywood
 * Bohemia
 * Brentwood
 * Central Islip
 * East Islip
 * Great River
 * Hauppauge  (partially; shared with the Town of Smithtown)
 * Holbrook (partially; shared with the Town of Brookhaven)
 * Holtsville (partially; shared with the Town of Brookhaven)
 * Islip
 * Islip Terrace
 * Kismet
 * Lake Ronkonkoma (partially; shared with the Town of Brookhaven)
 * Lonelyville
 * North Bay Shore
 * North Great River
 * Oakdale
 * Ronkonkoma (partially; shared with the Town of Brookhaven)
 * Sayville
 * West Bay Shore
 * West Islip ''(partially; shared with the Town of Babylon)
 * West Sayville

Other communities

 * Dunewood
 * Fair Harbor
 * Fire Island, many Islip communities are on this barrier island

State parks

 * Connetquot River State Park Preserve
 * Bayard Cutting Arboretum State Park
 * Heckscher State Park

MacArthur Airport
Long Island MacArthur Airport and the New York Air Route Traffic Control Center, located in the Town of Islip, are both in the hamlet of Ronkonkoma.