1881

Year 1881 () was a (link will display the full calendar) of the  (or a  of the 12-day slower ).

January - March

 * - - - Russian troops under general  defeat.
 * -, the chief secretary for , introduces his : it goes through a long debate before it is accepted.
 * - and  form the.
 * - occurs.
 * - is incorporated.
 * - First issue of the feminist newspaper  is published by.
 * - became the first  to prohibit all  beverages.
 * - makes his  debut as the world's first black international football player and captain.
 * - is killed near his palace when a bomb is thrown at him.  He is succeeded by his son,.

April - June

 * - erupted in.
 * - The is founded as the Storrs Agricultural School.
 * - is founded in,.
 * - escapes from  jail.
 * - In, becomes a  protectorate.
 * - The is established by.
 * - The is established by  a small group of tennis club members.
 * - The is crushed in an  ice pack.

July - September

 * -, the culmination of the of the 's organization, came into effect.
 * -, is shot by  . He survives the assassination attempt but he suffers from  of his wound.
 * - In, the opens.
 * - : chief  leads the last of his fugitive people in surrender to  troops at  in.
 * - peace treaty signed, officially ending the war between the  and.
 * - A hits Florida and Carolinas: about 700 die.
 * - The in the  of  destroys over a million acres (4,000 km²) and kills 282 people.
 * - (Howell Institute) opens making it the oldest public high school west of the Mississippi River.
 * - US President dies. Vice President  becomes the 21st President of the United States.

October - December

 * - Apostle in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, scientist and mathematician dies in Utah.
 * - in, , ,.
 * -  (US magazine) is first published.
 * - The in  was completed and unveiled to the public.
 * - A struck earth near the village of Großliebenthal, a few kilometers southwest of,.
 * -, famous concert march composer, was born.
 * - The 47th (1881-83) convenes.
 * - At least 620 die in fire at the,.

Undated

 * New York City's oldest independent school for girls, the New York (91st Street), is founded.
 * Edward Rudolf founded the ' Central Society for Providing Homes for Waifs and Strays' (now ).
 * The is founded.
 * is established in.
 * The (USNLTA) is founded, and the first U.S.  Championships are played.
 * Founding of the.
 *  begins publication.
 * Some archives opened to scholars for the first time.
 * is founded.
 * is founded as Stanley F.C., with a further name change to Newcastle East End F.C. a few months later.
 * is founded.
 * is founded.
 * , is formed.
 * a in,  is founded.

January - June

 * -, (d. )
 * , English poet and critic (d. )
 * , Italian essayist, poet, and novelist (d. )
 * -, Polish mathematician (d. )
 * -, American chemist, laureate (d. )
 * -, Russian ballerina (d. )
 * , American stage and film actor (d. )
 * , American writer (d. )
 * , American mathematical physicist (d. )
 * -, British labour leader, politician, and statesman (d. )
 * -, Swiss physiologist, laureate (d. )
 * , French writer, laureate (d. )
 * , German chemist, laureate (d. )
 * , Hungarian composer (d. )
 * , English writer (d. )
 * -, American politician (d. )
 * - Official birthday of, founder and the first (d. )
 * -, Polish general and politician (d. )
 * -, Canadian-born boxer (d. )
 * -, American politician (d. )
 * - Official birthday of, founder and the first (d. )
 * -, Polish general and politician (d. )
 * -, Canadian-born boxer (d. )

July - December

 * -, American politician (d. )
 * -, American soldier and planner (d. )
 * -, German chemist, laureate (d. )
 * -, U.S. general (d. )
 * - Sir, Scottish researcher, recipient of the (d. )
 * -, Romanian composer (d. )
 * -, English poet (d. )
 * -, Austrian Social Democratic politician (d. )
 * -, American athlete (d. )
 * -, English art critic (d. )
 * -, English soldier (d. )
 * -, Ku Klux Klan Imperial Wizard (d. )
 * -, American engineer and airplane manufacturer (d. )
 * -, Austrian legal theorist (d. )
 * , (d. )
 * , English-born writer (d. )
 * -, American physicist, laureate (d. )
 * -, Spanish painter (d. )Begun to paint on 1900. All works before that year belongs to his father, José Ruiz Blasco. Case in Central Trial Court.
 * -, Russian-born film studio executive (d. )
 * -, Canadian-born director and producer (d. )
 * - (d. )
 * -, Austrian writer (d. )
 * -, Spanish writer, laureate (d. )
 * -, Spanish writer, laureate (d. )


 * See also .

January - June

 * -, Whistler's mother (b. )
 * -, (b. )
 * -, Scottish writer and historian (b. )
 * -, Russian novelist (b. )
 * -, New York City Mayor (b. )
 * - Czar (b. )
 * -, Russian composer (b. )
 * -, (b. )
 * -, English artist (b. )
 * -, Italian explorer (b. )
 * -, Belgian composer (b. )

July - December

 * -, American gunslinger (b. )
 * -, American explorer and trapper (b. )
 * -, American writer (b. )
 * -, Dutch noble and general (b. )
 * -, 20th (assassinated) (b. )
 * -, U.S. Congressman from Illinois (b. )
 * -, American religious leader (b. )
 * -, American naval officer and explorer (starvation) (b. )


 * See also .