August 31

Events

 * -  becomes ill, dying suddenly a few days later, without children to succeed the, ending the.
 * - With the aid of and, the  tribes establish the Confederation of the.
 * -, becomes King of England at the age of 9 months.
 * - start their expedition from  at 11 o clock in the morning.
 * - : forces led by General  launch an assault on.
 * -  is deposed and succeeded by his brother.
 * - kills 100 in.
 * - is murdered. She is the first of 's known victims.
 * - patents the, the first movie projector.
 * - Count and Sir  sign the, which results in the.
 * - becomes a signatory to the.
 * - becomes a signatory to the.
 * - : A decisive victory in the.
 * 1920 - First news program broadcast by station 8MK in.
 * - mounts a staged, giving them an excuse to attack  the following day, starting.
 * - In, western , at 4.30 am,  organise the first deportation of  from   to death camp in , about 5,000  were deported to face death in . When the  captured , about 18,000  lived in the city.
 * - The, the first ship to be named for a black person, is commissioned.
 * - The is founded by.
 * -  was arrested in a  drug raid. He would later be found guilty of criminal conspiracy to possess  and was sentenced to 60 days in prison.
 * - The gains its independence from the.
 * - become independent.
 * - began his stint as anchor of the .
 * - The  makes its first flight.
 * - becomes the first cricketer to hit 6 sixes in one over.
 * - William and, founders of the , plead guilty to the 1974 kidnapping of newspaper heiress.
 * - The is signed.
 * - collides with a  over, , killing 67 in the air and 15 on the ground.
 * 1986  - The  passenger liner ' sinks in the  after colliding with the bulk carrier ', killing 423.
 * - declares its independence from the.
 * - is inaugurated as the President of the.
 * - The declares a.
 * -, dies in a in.
 * - reportedly launches , its first.
 * - The first of a series of in, killing one person and wounding 40 others.
 * - A -200  from  in, killing 65, including 2 on the ground.
 * - A on  in  kills 1,199 people.
 * - Stolen on, , 's famous painting was recovered from a raid by  police. The paintings were said to be in a better-than-expected condition.

Births

 * - Gaius, (d. )
 * -, (d. )
 * -, Mughal Emperor of India (d. )
 * –, countess of Solms-Braunfels (d. )
 * -, French physicist and instrument maker (d. )
 * -, British statesman (d. )
 * -, French composer (d. )
 * -, French poet and novelist (d. )
 * -, German physician (d. )
 * -, American politician (d. )
 * -, Italian composer (d. )
 * -, (d. )
 * -, Italian educator (d. )
 * -, Texan governor (d. )
 * -, American athlete (d. )
 * -, wife of , and  (d. )
 * - (d. )
 * -, American playwright (d. )
 * -, French harpist (d. )
 * -, French-Canadian priest and novelist (d. )
 * -, American actor (d. )
 * -, Italian anarchist (d. )
 * -, American television host (d. )
 * 1903  -, French philosopher (d. )
 * -, American actor and teacher (d. )
 * -, Philipino politician (d. )
 * 1907  -, American editor (d. )
 * 1907  -, Italian citizen and advocate of European federalism (d. )
 * -, American novelist (d. )
 * - Sir, British radio astronomer
 * -, American actor (d. )
 * -, American journalist
 * -, American lyricist (d. )
 * -, Indian poetess and author (d. )
 * -, American actor and comedian (d. )
 * -, American actor and comedian
 * -, American actor (d. )
 * -, American actor (d. )
 * 1931  -, Canadian hockey player
 * -, Greek actor
 * -, American baseball player and manager
 * 1935  -, American political activist (d. )
 * -, American actor
 * 1937  -, American ian/
 * -, British journalist
 * 1938  -, Australian Jurist, Chief Justice of the High Court of Australia (b.
 * -, American drummer
 * -, American businessman
 * -, British artist
 * -, Irish musician
 * 1945  -, Israeli violinist
 * -, American voice actress
 * 1947  -, Japanese manga artist
 * 1947  -, Italian businessman
 * -, American screenwriter
 * 1948  -, German guitarist
 * 1948  -, Austrian racing driver (d. )
 * 1948  -, German footballer and coach
 * -, American actor
 * 1949  -, American physicist,  laureate
 * -, German politician
 * -, Hungarian author
 * 1953  -, Argentine racing driver
 * 1953  -, Russian cosmonaut
 * -, English model
 * -, American athlete
 * -, Japanese television performer
 * -, American drummer
 * 1957  -, British musician
 * -, French International rugby player
 * -, German-Canadian ice hockey coach
 * -, leader of
 * 1960  -, American musician (d. )
 * 1960  -, Rumanian long jumper
 * -, American voice actor
 * 1962  -, American actress, singer-songwriter and screenwriter
 * -, American guitarist
 * 1963  -, Irish actor
 * 1963  -, Dutch football player
 * -, American poet and editor
 * -, Quebec actress
 * 1965  -, Swiss actor
 * -, Norwegian Alpine skier
 * -, Norwegian Cross-country skier
 * -, baseball pitcher
 * -, Australian actor
 * 1969  -, French alpine skier
 * -, American singer
 * 1970  -, Queen of
 * 1970  -, Canadian actor
 * 1970  -, Dutch-German footballer
 * -, Irish professional golfer
 * -, American actor
 * -, hockey player
 * -, Ukranian teniss player
 * -, British conductor
 * 1975  -, American baseball player and manager
 * 1975  -, American actress
 * 1975  -, American-born Canadian hockey player
 * -, Czechoslovakian ice hockey player
 * 1976  -, Brazilian footballer
 * 1976  -, French singer-songwriter, pianist and composer
 * -, American professional wrestler
 * 1977  -, Irish footballer
 * 1977  -, Australian musician
 * -, British actress
 * 1978  -, French footballer
 * -, professional baseball player
 * 1979  -, American professional wrestler
 * 1979  -, Canadian swimmer
 * -, American rapper
 * -, American filmmaker
 * 1981  -, American rapper
 * 1981  -, Welsh International rugby player
 * -, American swimmer
 * 1982  -, American basketball player
 * 1982  -, American baseball player
 * 1982  -, Ukrainian-born ice hockey player
 * 1982  -, Spanish footballer
 * 1982  -, Italian racing driver
 * 1982  -, Swiss singer
 * -, American football player
 * -, American alpine skier
 * 1984  -, Danish road bicycle racer
 * 1984  -, South African golfer
 * -, Greek footballer

Deaths

 * -, Irish bishop and missionary
 * -, Byzantine Empress (b. )
 * - of Japan (b. )
 * -, English soldier (b. )
 * - King (b. )
 * -, Italian poet (b. )
 * -, Danish physician (b. )
 * -, English writer (b. )
 * -, Czech composer (b. ?)
 * -, German jurist (b. )
 * -, English naturalist (b. )
 * -, French chess player (b. )
 * -, French architect (b. )
 * -, British admiral, first Governor of New South Wales (b. )
 * -, French poet (b. )
 * -, Irish scientist, first automobile accident victim (b. )
 * -, widely believed to be the first victim of (b. )
 * -, German psychologist (b. )
 * -, French Canadian Roman Catholic archbishop of Montreal (b. )
 * -, Russian poet (b. )
 * -, American actor (b. )
 * -, French Canadian political leader (b. )
 * -, French painter (b. )
 * -, Russian writer (b. )
 * -, American boxer (b. )
 * -, American film director (b. )
 * -, American pilot
 * 1974  -, New Zealand prime minister (b. )
 * -, (b. )
 * -, American dancer and actress (b. )
 * -, Australian biologist, (b. )
 * -, English sculptor (b. )
 * 1986  -,  (b. )
 * -  (b. )
 * -, American vibraphone player (b. )
 * 2002  -, English chemist,  (b. )
 * -, English singer (b. )
 * -, Polish-British physicist, recipient of the (b. )
 * 2005  -, British actor (b. )
 * -, Egyptian footballer (b. )
 * 2006  -, British racing driver (b. )
 * -, American golfer (b. )

Holidays and observances

 * - Saint, Saint , Saint
 * , - Day of  and Freedom, on the anniversary of  from
 * -, a ( within the , ).
 * - (from, ).
 * - (from, ).
 * - (from, ).