January 1

The preceding day is December 31 of the previous year.

January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the and  calendars. Here a calendar year refers to the order in which the months are displayed,  to . The first day of the medieval Julian year was usually a day other than January 1. This day was adopted as the first day of the by some an countries between 1522 and 1579 (that is, before the creation of the Gregorian calendar in 1582). See. The (including its ) did not adopt the Gregorian calendar until 1752. This change can lead to dating confusion between. The Gregorian calendar as promulgated in 1582 did not specify that January 1 was to be either or the first day of its numbered year. Although England began its numbered year on  between the thirteenth century and 1752, January 1 was called New Year's Day, which was a holiday when gifts were exchanged.

New Year
The began their year on. During the under the influence of the Christian Church, many countries moved the start of the year to one of several important Christian festivals - (the ),, (the ), or even. Eastern European countries (most of them with populations showing allegiance to the ) began their numbered year on from about.

In England was celebrated as the New Year festival, but from the 12th century to 1752 the year in England began on. So for example the Parliamentary record records the execution of occurring in 1648, (as the year did not end until 24 March,) although modern histories adjust the start of the year to January 1 and record the execution as occurring in 1649.

Most Western European countries changed the start of the year to before they adopted the Gregorian calendar. For example Scotland changed the start of the Scottish New Year to in 1600. England, Ireland and the British colonies changed the start of the year to in 1752. Later that year in September the Gregorian calendar was introduced throughout Britain and the British colonies (See the section ). These two reforms were implemented by the.

In the 9th century, 25th March (the Feast of the Annunciation) was used in parts of southern Europe as the start of a new year. The practice became more widespread in Europe from the 11th century and in England from the late 12th. 1st January started to be used as the start of the year followed:


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Events

 * - begin their  in office.
 * - The takes effect for the first time.
 * - The last known competition in  takes place.
 * - sets out toward  with the army that will capture it bloodlessly.
 * - adopts the.
 * - is proclaimed co-emperor of the  with his ward.
 * - is crowned King of.
 * - of  succeeds to the French throne.
 * - Croatian nobles elect of Austria as king of Croatia in the.
 * - begins using the.
 * - is crowned King of.
 * - starts his diary.
 * - Regular mail delivery begins between and.
 * - begins using the.
 * - is crowned King of.
 * - is discovered by  explorer.
 * - The first s, which can be used in 90 European cities, go on sale in for the first time.
 * - 1,500 soldiers of the under General 's command rebelled against the 's winter camp in  as part of the Pennsylvania (Continentals; Regiment) Mutiny of 1781.
 * - First edition of  of, previously The Daily Universal Register, is published.
 * - replaces  as the capital of.
 * - The ceases to exist.
 * - The legislative union of and  is completed to form the.
 * 1801  - Dwarf planet  is discovered by.
 * - orders all bronze wares of the  to be collected and melted into nine cannons for the Royal Citadel in ,
 * - rule ends in . Haiti becomes the first black republic and first country independent in the.
 * - The is abolished.
 * - The importation of s into the is banned.
 * - 's  is published.
 * - United Kingdom claims sovereignty over the.
 * - The, in , was finished.
 * - conquers.
 * - : The takes effect in  territory.
 * 1863  - The first claim under the  is made by  for a farm in.
 * - First edition of newspaper is published.
 * - The opens in.
 * - of Britain is proclaimed.
 * - begins  construction of the.
 * - is proclaimed empress of  in.
 * - The first is held in.
 * 1890  - First use of  goal nets in.
 * 1890  -  consolidates into a  by the  government.
 * - opens to begin accepting immigrants to the.
 * - begins using the.
 * - The, , is officially opened to traffic.
 * - annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the . The four initial boroughs,, , , and , are joined on  by  to create the modern city of five boroughs.
 * - rule ends in.
 * - the play their first Test against the New Zealand.
 * 1901 - becomes a  protectorate.
 * 1901  - The British colonies of, , , ,  and   as the ;  is appointed the first.
 * 1901  - The first official  is held.
 * - The first game is played in, with the  beating  by a score of 49-0.
 * - officially adopts the
 * - For the first time, a is dropped in 's  to signify the start of the  at midnight.
 * - Drilling began on the.
 * - Captain was promoted to, and became the youngest admiral in the , except for  members, since.
 * - is separated from  and transferred to Commonwealth control.
 * - The is established.
 * - troops abandon  and their  colony to  forces and begin the long march to.
 * - succeeded his father,, as president of the.
 * - The is founded as a separate party.
 * - The is adopted by the.
 * - Britains Railways are grouped into the, , , ,.
 * - The   announces the discovery of galaxies outside the.
 * - adopts the :,  , is immediately followed by January 1,  (Gregorian).
 * - becomes a  federal prison.
 * 1934  -  passes the "".
 * - wins the first  26–0 over the.
 * - The first game is played in .  defeats  16–6.
 * 1937  - Safety glass in s became mandatory in.
 * - The first is held.
 * 1939  -  and  found.
 * 1939  -,  swelters in 45˚C (113˚F) heat, a record for the city.
 * - The is signed by twenty-six nations.
 * 1942  - The U.S. Office of Production Management prohibited sales of new cars and trucks to civilians.
 * - In retaliation of the, U.S. troops massacre 30 SS prisoners at.
 * - The first civil flight from Airport occurs.
 * - The and  occupation zones in, after the , merge to form the , that later became the.
 * - railways are  to form.
 * 1948  - After partition,  declines to pay the agreed share of Rs.550 million in cash balances to.
 * 1948  - The  comes into force.
 * - The British Nationality Act 1948 comes into force.
 * 1949  -  cease-fire orders to operate in  from one minute before midnight. War between  and  stops accordingly.
 * - The state of acceded to the.
 * - The achieves independence from the  and the.
 * - became a city by a royal charter granted by Her Majesty.
 * - The is established.
 * - s of s named after this date must be named in a modern language, not in.
 * 1959  -, president of , is overthrown by 's forces during the.
 * - The achieves independence from  and the.
 * - achieves independence from ; its name is changed to the Independent State of Western Samoa.
 * 1962  -  established.
 * - The is divided into the independent republics of  and, and the -controlled.
 * - The was founded in.
 * - A twelve day begins.
 * 1966  - After a, Colonel  assumes power as president of the.
 * - begins.
 * - s are banned on.
 * - n  assumes as  of the.
 * - The, the , and the are admitted into the.
 * -  explodes and crashes into the sea off the coast of, killing 213.
 * 1978  - The Constitution of the  becomes effective.
 * - Formal are established between the  and the.
 * - is crowned princess of.
 * - The is admitted into the.
 * 1981  - The  achieves self-government though it is not independent from the.
 * - vian becomes the first n to hold the title of  of the.
 * - The officially changes to using the, creating the.
 * - is broken up into twenty-two independent units.
 * 1984  - The  becomes independent of the.
 * - The 's is created.
 * 1985  - The first  mobile phone call is made by  to.
 * - becomes independent of, though it remains in free association with the.
 * 1986  - The  and the  are admitted into the.
 * - The comes into existence, creating the largest   in the.
 * - The comes into force.
 * - is sworn in as New York City's first black mayor.
 * - : is divided into the  and the.
 * 1993  - A single market within the  is introduced.
 * - The initiates twelve days of armed conflict in the.
 * 1994  - The  comes into effect.
 * 1994  - The  comes into effect.
 * 1994  - The  comes into effect.
 * - The comes into effect.
 * 1995  - The  and the republics of  and  are admitted into the.
 * 1995  - The Conference for Security and Co-operation in Europe becomes the.
 * 1995  - The  in the  in  is detected, confirming the existence of.
 * 1995  -  assumes as Prime Minister of.
 * 1995  - s are banned in  on  because of safety reasons.
 * - gains limited self-government, though it remains within free association with the.
 * - The officially joins the, as Zaïre.
 * 1997  - ian   assumes as  of the.
 * - The is established.
 * - The currency is introduced.
 * 1999  - The  administrative region of  is created, out of the former Opole Voivodeship and parts of.
 * - As the world celebrates, no major crisis arises from the dreaded.
 * 2000  -  assumes as  of.
 * - assumes as  of.
 * - banknotes and coins become legal tender in twelve of the 's.
 * 2002  -  officially joins the, as.
 * 2002  - The  mutual  treaty, initially signed in, officially enters into force.
 * - assumes as the President of.
 * - In a, won 658 out of 1,170 votes in the , and according to Article 41(8) of the , was "deemed to be elected" to the office of  until October 2007.
 * - The moved from the  to the.
 * - and  officially join the . Also,, , and  become s of the European Union, joining 20 other official languages.
 * - disappears over  with 102 people on board.

Births

 * -, Shia Imam (d. )
 * - (d. )
 * -, Italian statesman (d. )
 * -, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (d. )
 * -, Swiss Protestant leader (d. )
 * - (d. )
 * -, Queen of (d. )
 * -, Prince of Transylvania (d. )
 * -, Dutch theologian (d. )
 * -, English Bishop of Chester (d. )
 * -, Spanish painter (d. )
 * - of Japan (d. )
 * -, English writer (d. )
 * -, German jurist (d. )
 * -, Dutch classical scholar (d. )
 * -, English writer (d. )
 * -, Austrian soldier (d. )
 * -, Lithuanian poet (d. )
 * -, American patriot (d. )
 * -, American general and statesman (d. )
 * -, American statesman (d. )
 * -, American seamstress (d. )
 * -, Anglo-Irish novelist (d. )
 * -, French zoologist (d. )
 * -, English printer (d. )
 * -, Italian mathematician (d. )
 * -, Chinese rebel (d. )
 * -, Hungarian poet and revolutionary (d. )
 * -, New Zealand architect (d. )
 * -, Irish lawyer (d. )
 * -, Scottish anthropologist (d. )
 * -, French Olympic Games initiator (d. )
 * -, American educator (d. )
 * 1864  -, American photographer (d. )
 * 1864  -, Chinese painter (d. )
 * -, American actor (d. )
 * -, Mexican novelist (d. )
 * -, American Secretary of the Navy (d. )
 * 1874  -, German-born inventor (d. )
 * -, Canadian physicist (d. )
 * -, Danish scientist and engineer (d. )
 * -, English novelist (d. )
 * -, (d. )
 * -, German admiral (d. )
 * -, American inventor (d. )
 * -, Slovenian geographer (d. )
 * -, Croatian conductor (d. )
 * -, Bengali mathematician (d. )
 * 1894  -, Japan's oldest person (d. )
 * -, American FBI director (d. )
 * -, Spanish musician (d. )
 * 1900  -, Japanese diplomat (d. )
 * -, South African cricketer (d. )
 * -, Pakistani politician (d. )
 * 1904  -, American baseball player (d. )
 * -, Polish mathematician (d. )
 * 1905  -, Japanese actor (d. )
 * -, Italian songwriter (d. )
 * -, American actor (d. )
 * 1909  -, American politician (d. )
 * -, American baseball player (d. )
 * -, British spy (d. )
 * 1912  -, Russian mathematician (d. )
 * -, American meteorologist (d. )
 * 1917  -, Dutch actor (d. )
 * -, Scottish recipient (d. )
 * -, American novelist
 * -, Italian singer
 * -, Palestinian-born philosopher (d. )
 * -, American boxer (d. )
 * 1922  -, American politician
 * -, American mathematician (d. )
 * 1923  -, American jazz vibraphonist (d. )
 * -, American actor (d. )
 * 1925  -, Italian actress
 * 1925  -, French actor
 * -, French Canadian tenor (d. )
 * -, French choreographer
 * 1927  -, Scottish born actress
 * 1927  -, Canadian hockey player (d. )
 * 1927  -, American economist,
 * 1927  -, American football star (d. )
 * -, American writer (d. )
 * -, Bangladeshi politician
 * -, American football player (d. )
 * -, Canadian educator
 * 1933  -, English writer (d. )
 * -, Polish author (d. )
 * -, Television Host and Producer
 * 1938  -, British coachbuilder (d. )
 * 1938  -  American actor
 * -, French actress
 * -, American politician
 * 1942  -, American musician
 * 1942  -, Soviet cosmonaut (d. )
 * 1942  -, Former Prime Minister of
 * -, Indian scientist
 * 1943  -, American actor
 * 1943  -, wrestling manager
 * -, Pakistani politician
 * -, Belgian race car driver
 * -, American singer (d. )
 * 1946  -, Brazilian football player
 * 1946  -, Swedish economist and politician
 * -, American politician
 * 1947  -, Hong Kong singer
 * -, Russian general
 * -, English musician
 * -, American actor
 * 1951  -, Urdu poet
 * 1951  -, Indian film and stage actor
 * 1951  -, German-born race car driver
 * -, British guitarist
 * -, American politician
 * -, American entrepreneur (d. )
 * 1956  -, Japanese actor
 * -, Polish actress
 * 1957  -, Greek lawyer, professor and politician
 * -, Barbados-born musician
 * -, Comorian president
 * 1959  -, Greek basketball player and coach
 * 1959  -, American actress
 * -, British television presenter
 * 1961  -, British actor
 * -, British actress
 * 1962  -, German musician
 * -, American actress
 * -, Australian politician
 * -, American football player (d. )
 * 1967  -, English DJ
 * 1967  -, American rapper
 * 1967  -, Spanish film director
 * -, Japanese composer
 * 1968  -, American adult actor (d. )
 * 1968  -, Croatian footballer
 * -, American news anchor
 * 1969  -, American actor
 * -, American actor
 * 1970  -, Australian netballer
 * 1970  -, American actress
 * -, Czech hockey player
 * -, Scottish actress
 * 1972  -, French footballer
 * -, English model and TV personality
 * -, Indian model and actress
 * 1975  -, American soccer player
 * 1975  -, Japanese  artist
 * -, Indian actress
 * 1976  -, American motocross rider
 * -, British actress
 * 1977  -, Bosnian footballer
 * -, German actress
 * 1978  -, Northern Irish footballer
 * 1978  -, Indian spiritualist
 * 1978  -, British composer
 * -, Australian singer
 * 1979  -, Japanese artist
 * -, Swedish model
 * -, Irish actor
 * 1981  -, Hungarian race car driver
 * 1981  -, Turkish boxer
 * 1981  -, American actress
 * -, Argentinian tennis player
 * -, English footballer
 * 1983  -, Japanese
 * -, Peruvian footballer
 * 1984  -, American singer
 * 1984  -, Australian rugby league footballer
 * -, Northern Irish footballer
 * -, American
 * -, Professional hockey player
 * -, Professional hockey player
 * 1987  -, American ice dancer
 * -, American actress

Deaths

 * - Jesus, Saint (b. )
 * -, eleventh Shia Imam (b. )
 * - (b. )
 * - King
 * - King (b. )
 * - King (b. )
 * -, Spanish conquistador (b. )
 * - and Norway (b. )
 * -, French poet (bc. )
 * -, Dutch painter (b. )
 * -, Dutch painter (b. )
 * -, Florentine biographer/ historian (b. )
 * -, English dramatist (bc. )
 * -, English-born judge (b. )
 * -, English statesman (b. )
 * -, Swiss mathematician (b. )
 * -, French adventurer (b. )
 * -, "The Old Pretender" (b. )
 * -, German composer (b. )
 * -, English politician (b. )
 * -, Venetian painter (b. )
 * -, French mathematician (b. )
 * -, French naturalist (b. )
 * -, German chemist (b. )
 * -, Russian physicist (b. )
 * -, American politician (b. )
 * -, Mayor of Chicago (b. )
 * -, German physicist (b. )
 * -, Russian general (b. )
 * -, (b. )
 * -, Dutch microbiologist and botanist (b. )
 * -, Canadian physicist (b. )
 * -, Indian writer and essayist (b. )
 * -, Australian cricketer (b. )
 * -, American singer (b. )
 * -, American photographer (b. )
 * -, American actress (b. )
 * -, (b. )
 * -, French politician (b. )
 * -, American actor (b. )
 * 1969  -, Swedish athlete (b. )
 * -, Ukrainian Orthodox Christian (b. )
 * -, French actor and singer (b. )
 * -, American actor (b. )
 * -, British blues musician (b. )
 * -, Japanese actor (b. )
 * -, Italian cyclist (b. )
 * 1986  -, American hockey executive  (b. )
 * -, American songwriter and businessman (b. )
 * -, American computer pioneer (b. )
 * - Lord, Governor-General of New Zealand (b. )
 * 1994  -, American actor (b. )
 * -, British serial killer (suicide) (b. )
 * 1995  -, Hungarian physicist,  (b. )
 * -, American admiral (b. )
 * 1996  -, German engineer (b. )
 * -, American musician (b. )
 * 1997  -, Canadian composer and musician (b. )
 * -, American tennis player (b. )
 * -, Australian-born political journalist (b. )
 * -, American actor (b. )
 * -, American film producer (b. )
 * -, American politician and fighter pilot (b. )
 * 2003  -, American advertising executive (b. )
 * -, American politician (b. )
 * 2005  -, British newspaperman (b. )
 * 2005  -, American politician (b. )
 * 2005  -, American painter, artist (b. )
 * -, American magazine editor (b. )
 * 2006  -, Irish publisher and inventor (b. )
 * 2006  -, American musician  (b. )
 * -, Australian serial killer (b. )
 * 2007  -, American baseball player (b. )
 * 2007  -, American writer (b. )
 * 2007  -, American country singer (b. )
 * 2007  -, American football player (b. )
 * 2007  -, American scientist known for studying UFOs (b. )
 * 2007  -, South African medical scientist (b. )
 * 2007  -, American jazz music historian (b. )
 * 2007  -, American conductor (b. )
 * 2007  -, American novelist and screenwriter (b. )
 * 2007  -, American conductor (b. )
 * 2007  -, American novelist and screenwriter (b. )

By observance

 * Many countries around the world using - ; often celebrated at 0:01 with.
 * Last day of
 * -, celebrating the expiration of the copyright of a , the football championship.