1866

Year 1866 () was a (link will display the full calendar) of the  (or a  of the 12-day-slower ).

January - March

 * - troops clash with men of a  leader Karam in St. Doumit in : Ottomans are defeated.
 * - is formed.
 * - : A Spanish naval squadron fought a combined vian-an fleet, at the island of Abtao in the of central.
 * - The first daylight in United States history during peacetime takes place in . This is considered to be the first robbery committed by  and his gang, although James's role is disputed.
 * - The is discovered. Purported to be evidence of humans during the  Age, it turns out to be a.

April - June

 * - narrowly escapes an assassination attempt in the city of . A design for a city gate to commemorate his escape was the inspiration for  The Great Gate of Kiev from .
 * - The (ASPCA) is founded in New York City by.
 * May - Student Ferdinand Cohen-Blind fails to assassinate in  in
 * - : vian defenders fight off the fleet.




 * - London bank collapses precipitating a.
 * - The approves the minting of a nickel five cent coin, elimination of its predecessor the half  would not be completed until 1873 because of pressure from silver mining interests (Walter Breen).
 * - - 32.000 soldiers of the  defeat 24.000 Paraguayan soldiers few miles north of the  - 16.000 casualties.
 * - forces skirmish with Canadian militia at  and
 * - Calculations indicate reached its most recent  (furthest point from ) on this day. The next aphelion will occur in August 2113.
 * - The meets for the first time in.
 * - established (later shifted to.
 * - Beginning of the, when the Austrians and most of the medium German states declare war on Prussia.
 * - The Kingdom of declares war on.
 * - - The Prussians defeat the army at the.

July - December

 * - The first Constitution of was issued.
 * - At the, the n army under and  defeats the Austrian army of , leading to a decisive Prussian victory in the Austro-Prussian War.
 * - Marriage of, third daughter of to
 * - At the Naval, the Austrian fleet under defeats the Italian fleet of.
 * - : becomes the first  to be readmitted to the  following the.
 * - The passes legislation authorizing the rank of  (now called "5-star general") Lieutenant General  becomes the first to have this rank.




 * - The is successfully completed, allowing transatlantic  communication for the first time.
 * - The Metric Act of 1866 becomes law and legalizes the standardization of in the.
 * - ends the
 * September - ends in London, narrowly won by the.
 * - successfully defends  against the, scoring more than 5000 with just about 50 casualties.
 * - The ends the war between  and .  It formalizes the annexation of  by Italy.
 * - French troops under the command of Rear Admiral land at  Island, Korea as part of  for the execution of French  priests. It is the first military contact between Korea and a Western force.

Undated

 * revolts occur in.
 * In the  is replaced by an elected two chamber assembly, the.
 * invents in.

January - June

 * -, Russian composer (d. )
 * -, Swedish archbishop, recipient of the (d. )
 * -, French writer, laureate (d. )
 * -, baseball player (d. )
 * -, Italian pianist and composer (d. )
 * -, American outlaw (d. )
 * -, British physiologist (d. )
 * -, Japanese diplomat (d. )
 * -, Danish industrialist (d. )
 * -, French composer (d. )
 * -, Finnish politician (d. )
 * -, English financier of Egyptian excavations (d. )

July - December

 * -, French general (d. )
 * -, French dancer (d. )
 * -, English children's author (d. )
 * -, Spanish writer, laureate (d. )
 * -, American boxer (d. )
 * -, French writer (d. )
 * -, Danish poet and novelist (d. )
 * , French bacteriologist, recipient of the (d. )
 * , English writer (d. )
 * -, Italian Catholic Blessed (d. )
 * -, American geneticist, recipient of the (d. )
 * -, (d. )
 * -, Chinese revolutionary (d. )
 * -, Scottish paleontologist (d. )
 * -, German chemist, laureate (d. )
 * ( O.S.) -, Russian-born painter (d. )
 * ( O.S.) -, Russian-born painter (d. )


 * See also .

January - June

 * -, English satirist (b. )
 * -, German poet, translator, and professor of Oriental languages (b. )
 * January -, American religious leader (b. )
 * -, Irish/US founder of the (b. )
 * -, English scientist, philosopher, and historian of science (b. )
 * -, Norwegian composer (b. )
 * -, First female Russian officer (b. )
 * -, American politician (b. )
 * -, Founder of Edinburgh Veterinary College (b. )
 * -, British physician (b. )
 * -, Russian mathematician of Czech origin (b.)
 * -, American general and presidential candidate (b. )
 * -, Native American whom is named for (b. circa )

July - December

 * -, German mathematician (b. )
 * -, Swedish writer (b. )
 * -, Catholic saint (b. )
 * -, American merchant and inventor (b. )
 * -, Prince Imperial of Mexico (b. )
 * -, Luxembourg politician (b. )
 * -, Welsh geodesist (b. )


 * See also .