Henrico County, Virginia

Henrico County is a located in the  of, a  of the. As of the 2006 population estimate, the county's population has risen to 285,000, an increase of 8.5 percent over the 2000 census. It is located in the region and is a portion of the Richmond  (MSA). Founded in as one of the eight original, Henrico is one of the oldest  in the United States.

The of  was located within Henrico County until a state constitutional change in 1871 created independent cities. Due to the geography in which the approaches Richmond from almost due west, and turns almost due south below the  for about 8 miles before turning east again, the land within Henrico County currently encompasses much of Metropolitan Richmond's, its , and  areas.

is located in the central portion of Henrico County near, just north of the City of Richmond corporate limits.

History
Henrico County (pronounced Hen-RYE-co) is one of the eight original established in  in the, and one of six considered still extant in their original form (county).

Henricus
Formed originally as Henrico Shire, and shortly thereafter termed a "county," Henrico County was named for  (also known as Henricopolis and Henrico Town), founded in  by Sir, a settlement wiped out during the.

at the southern mouth of the, Henricus, Henrico Cittie, and later Henrico County, were all named for , the eldest son of of England. Prince Henry showed great promise, and his death from at the age of eighteen was regarded as a tragedy for England.

On, November 18, 1618, the, proprietor of the colony, gave instructions on the formation of a laudable government for the Colony to Sir when he departed from London to become full governor of Virginia. As directed, in 1619, Governor Yeardly established four large corporations, termed cities [sic], which were designated to encompass the developed portion of the colony. These were (later renamed ),, , and.

In 1634, the King of England ordered the colony, which numbered about 5,000 settlers, to be divided into eight, or counties. One of these original shires (of which six are still considered extant) was Henrico County.

Henrico County originally extended to both the north and south sides of the (named in 1607 for King James I). Henrico's first boundaries incorporated an area from which 10 Virginia counties were later formed in whole or in part, as well as the of, , and.

The original site of Henricus was located by s late in the 20th century. On the south side of the James River (across from the original site of, it is now in , which developed Henricus Historical Park there.

County Seat, College of William and Mary
The original was at, at the Varina Farms plantation estate across the James River from Henricus where  and  had lived and their son  was born. (In modern times, is still actively cultivated and can be seen from  to the east just north of the, not far from the   site and dual s).

The Henrico-Glebe house at Varina was the location where, rector of Henrico Parish, is believed to have drawn up the plans for a new school, long a goal of the colonists of Virginia. These plans, developed in the last quarter of the 17th century, are believed to have used the earlier plans from, where a college had been started earlier, as a basis. After his two year mission to England at the request of the, the charter was granted. The new school became the at  in, the second oldest school of higher education in the United States.

The county seat remained at Varina until, when it was relocated to the new Henrico County Court House, located at 21st and Main streets (2125 East Main Street) in what is now the. There it remained for over 200 years. In the 1970s, a new county court house complex was built in the western portion of the county. Currently, the county seat is at 4301 East Parham Road, which is inside Henrico County, although the 1752 courthouse was still standing in Richmond (as of 2007).

American Civil War Battle Sites
During the, the battles of , , , , , , and took place in Henrico County in  during the.

Additional significant battles took place in during the  prior to and during the, which led to the fall of Richmond. Confederate General was killed in Henrico County at the  on, 1864.

Transportation
Henrico County is one of only two counties in Virginia that maintain their own roads, the other being. This special status was due to the existence of county highway departments prior to the creation of the state agency that is now in, and the assumption of local roads in most counties by that agency in. (Henrico and Arlington were grandfathered and allowed to continue pre-existing arrangements.) The control of the roads system is considered a powerful advantage for community urban planners, who can require developers to contribute to funding needed for road needs serving the planners' projects.

Henrico County is the site of. It also hosts an rail passenger station and purchases public bus route services from, a FTA-funded public service company that is owned equally by the City of Richmond and neighboring Chesterfield County.

Interstate highways include, , and. Other major highways include, , , , , and , as well as , , , , , ,, and.

Geography
According to the, the county has a total area of 634 (245 ). Of that, 617 km² (238 mi²) is land and 17 km² (7 mi²) (2.67%) is water.

Census-designated Places


No new municipalities can now be created within Henrico County. There are no existing incorporated towns. It has become the third Virginia county (after and  counties) to be affected by a state law that prohibits the creation of any new towns or cities within the boundaries of a county with a  of 1,000 or more per square mile.

Demographics
As of the of 2000, there were 262,300 people, 108,121 households, and 69,846 families residing in the county. The more recent 2006 population estimate puts the county's population at 285,000.

The was 425/km² (1,102/mi²). There were 112,570 housing units at an average density of 183/km² (473/mi²). The racial makeup of the county was 68.91%, 24.71% or , 0.35% , 3.60% , 0.03% , 0.98% from , and 1.42% from two or more races. About 2.3% of the population was or  of any race.

There were 108,121 households, out of which 31.90% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.30% were living together, 13.10% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.40% were non-families. 28.90% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.97.

In the county, the population was spread out with 24.70% under the age of 18, 7.80% from 18 to 24, 32.90% from 25 to 44, 22.20% from 45 to 64, and 12.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 88.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.60 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $49,185, and the median income for a family was $59,298. Males had a median income of $40,203 versus $29,795 for females. The for the county was $26,410. About 4.50% of families and 6.20% of the population were below the, including 8.10% of those under age 18 and 4.50% of those age 65 or over.

Form of Government
Henrico County is managed by an appointed County Manager who answers directly to the Board of Supervisors. The current County Manager is Virgil R. Hazelett.

The Board of Supervisors are:
 * Brookland District - Richard W. Glover
 * Fairfield District - Frank J. Thornton
 * Three Chopt District - David A. Kaechele
 * Tuckahoe District - Patricia S. O'Bannon
 * Varina District - James B. Donati Jr.

In 1992 and again in 1993, City and State magazine ranked Henrico County as the second best fiscally managed county in the United States.

Law Enforcement
Henrico County Division of Police located in Central Virginia. Henrico County is approximately 245 square miles in size and has a population of over 301,000. They are bordered by the City of Richmond, and the counties of Charles City, Chesterfield, Goochland, Hanover and New Kent.

Three major Interstate highways run through the county. Interstate 95 is a major North/South highway and is one of the busiest roads in the country. Interstate 64 is an East/West highway ending in the Tidewater area of Virginia. Interstate 295 is a North/South highway that bypasses the city of Richmond, extending from approximately Short Pump, VA to Petersburg, VA. Richmond International Airport is located in the County.

The first known mention of an "officer" in Henrico was the appointment of a Special Police Officer on December 14, 1871. There is no further mention until 1908 when the Board of Supervisors recommended that a mounted patrol be used. The first major step toward today's department was in 1915 when T. Wilson Seay was appointed the first Chief of Police. When the County converted to the County Manager form of government in 1934 there were 8 police officers. In 1938 the Board of Supervisors placed the Division of Police under direct control of the County Manager, thus removing any political ties with the Sheriff's office. The Division of Police has seen steady growth and improvement over the past 70 years.

With an authorized complement of 584 sworn police officers, the Chief of Police is the chief law enforcement officer in the County. The Chief is appointed by the County Manager. The elected Sheriff's primary duties are managing the jail, court security, and the service of civil process.

The Henrico County Police is fully accredited by the Commission for Accreditation of Law Enforcement Agencies (CALEA) and Virginia Law Enforcement Professional Standards Commission.

Colonel Henry W. Stanley, Jr., has served as Chief of Police for the Henrico County Division of Police since August 1995. He has been a member of the Division since 1962.

Education

 * The known as  consists of 45 elementary schools, 13 middle schools, 9 high schools and 2 technical centers within one school district.
 * In the year, HCPS began distributing s to every high school student. In 2003 they extended the program to middle schools.
 * In the year, the HCPS School Board decided to replace the s with  at the High School level.
 * In the year, the HCPS School Board decided to continue using Apple iBooks at the Middle School level, purchasing nearly 13,000 laptops in a contract worth $15.8 million.

Notable facts

 * Henrico County is the location of Richmond International Raceway, home to NASCAR races twice a year.


 * Henrico County is the county that handles hazardous material spills and related problems (with three HAZMAT Teams) for the entire Central Virginia Region. Partly because of this, Central Virginia has total interoperability of Emergency Communications (Police, Fire, Recreation and Parks, Volunteer Rescue Squads, etc.) between the cities and more than ten counties.


 * Henrico County has the highest Bond rating (Triple, triple-A) from the three bond rating agencies in the United States, which means Henrico is known nationwide for its solid fiscal responsibility.


 * A $44 (annuity value) winning ticket was sold in Henrico County for the,  drawing of the multi-state lottery game . The ticket holders have come forward; they are a local woman, and a  man. They chose the cash option, and will split $25.3 million (before withholdings).