Bellevue Hill, New South Wales

 Bellevue Hill is an eastern suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Bellevue Hill is an affluent suburb, located 5 kilometres east of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the Municipality of Woollahra.

History
In the early 19th century, Irish-Australian immigrants referred to the area as Vinegar Hill, after the Battle of Vinegar Hill, an engagement during the 1798 uprising of the United Irishmen in south-east Ireland. Governor Lachlan Macquarie took great exception to this and decided to name the suburb Bellevue Hill, the belle vue meaning beautiful view.

Later in that century, Bellevue Hill became the home of the Fairfax family, who lived at Trahlee, in Ginahgulla Road, which was leased by James Fairfax from 1866 to 1878. They then moved to Ginahgulla (now known as Fairfax House and owned by The Scots College) in the same road. The Fairfax family were responsible for establishing the Fairfax Media empire, which became a major force in the Australian news media (see also John Fairfax).

Former tram service
The line to Bellevue Hill opened in 1909. Services operated from Circular Quay via Elizabeth Street and Park Street. Trams heading south from Circular Quay down Elizabeth Street swung left into Park Street, via a right turn into Yurong Street, a left turn into Stanley Street, a right turn into Bourke Street, then a left turn into Burton Street.

A feature was the tram only viaduct over Barcom Ave and Boundary Street in Darlinghurst as the line headed into MacDonald Street. This viaduct is now a road bridge. The line then twisted down Glenmore, Gurner and Hargreave Streets in Paddington, then Moncur and Queen Streets in Woollahra. Here, a connection to Oxford Street allowed access to the Waverley Depot. The line then travelled down Edgecliff and Victoria Roads, then wound along Birriga Road in Bellevue Hill, finally running down Curlewis Street in Bondi to join the Bondi Beach via Bondi Junction line on Campbell Parade, to the North Bondi terminus. The line was double track throughout with numerous points to allow short working.

The line was cut back to Ocean Street, Woollahra in 1955; the remainder closed on 27 June 1959.

The line followed approximately the current route of bus 389 between the city and Woollahra and route X84 between Woollahra and Bondi Beach.

Demographics
According to the 2011 census of Population, there were 10,765 residents in Bellevue Hill. 56.3% of residents were born in Australia. The most common other countries of birth were England 5.1%, South Africa 4.7% and New Zealand 2.4%. 73.9% of residents spoke only English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Hebrew 1.3%, Cantonese 1.3% and Mandarin 1.1%. The most common responses for religious affiliation were Judaism 23.0%, No Religion 19.2% and Catholic 16.7%. The most common occupations for residents were Professionals 41.9%, Managers 20.7% and Clerical and Administrative Workers 12.8%.

Real estate
Bellevue Hill is well known for being one of Australia's wealthiest suburbs. The historic Queen Anne home Caerleon was sold for $22 million in January 2008. This price was surpassed by the $23 million paid for a mansion in Victoria Road in November 2009. The mansion had previously been used by the French consulate since 1955. One person who inspected it was actor Russell Crowe, who subsequently did not take part in the bidding. The house was bought by Lachlan Murdoch.

Actress Toni Collette sold her Bellevue Hill home in August 2009 for $6.4 million. The house, El Mio, had been the base for Collette and her husband, musician David Galafassi, since they bought it in 2004 for $5 million. The house was located in Rupertswood Avenue and was designed in 1928 in the Spanish Mission style. It was initially passed in at $6.3 million, but was then sold within an hour after successful negotiations with the highest bidder.

Heritage buildings
The following buildings are on the Register of the National Estate.
 * Rona, Ginahgulla Road
 * Ginahgulla, Ginahgulla Road, now known as Fairfax House and part of the Scots College
 * Rovello, Ginahgulla Road
 * Caerleon, Ginahgulla Road (first Queen Anne home in Australia)
 * House and Gardens, 1 Rose Bay Avenue
 * Former Government House, now part of Cranbrook School, Victoria Road
 * Sports Pavilion, Cranbrook School, New South Head Road (designed by John Horbury Hunt)
 * Trahlee, Ginahgulla Road, is listed on the Heritage Register of New South Wales
 * Villa d'Este, Victoria Road, is listed on the Heritage Register of New South Wales
 * Bonnington, Victoria Road, is listed on the Heritage Register of New South Wales
 * Wirian, Victoria Road, former home of Martin Sharp, is listed on the State Heritage Register of New South Wales

Schools
Bellevue Hill has several schools, including Bellevue Hill Public School and private schools The Scots College and Cranbrook School.

Notable residents

 * Kerry Packer, a businessman who was Australia's richest man at the time of his death in December 2005, lived at Cairnton on Victoria Road.
 * Edmund Capon, the former director of the Art Gallery of New South Wales, lives in Bellevue Hill.
 * Rene Rivkin, the late stockbroker, lived at Carrara, 5 Rose Bay Avenue, Bellevue Hill. He later moved to Point Piper.
 * Charles Blackburn, a former chancellor of the University of Sydney. Died at his home in Bellevue Hill.
 * Alan Kippax, the former Australian Test cricketer and captain of New South Wales. Lived in Bellevue Hill for many years, and died at his home in 1972.
 * Sir William McMahon and Lady McMahon, Prime Minister of Australia and wife lived in Drumalbyn Road And Victoria Road respectively.
 * May Brahe composer, spent her last years here and in Onslow Gardens, Potts Point
 * David Wilson KC, late barrister, live at Yandooya, Cranbrook Road, from 1919 until 1943. This house was built in 1912 to a design by the architectural firm of Manson and Pickering and had extensive grounds running between Cranbrook Road and Cranbrook Lane. The Scots College bought the property in 1943 and it became a boarding facility, Royle House, but was demolished in 1981.
 * Martin Sharp, artist, lived in Wirian in Victoria Road, Bellevue Hill, from 1978 until his death in 2013
 * Chad Morrison, former Australian rules footballer