Ethnic groups in Europe


 * This article deals with the European people as an ethnic group or ethnic groups. For information about residents or nationals of, see . For information on other uses please see disambiguation page: 

The European peoples are the various nations and ethnic groups of.

European Ethnology is the field of focusing on Europe.

Ethnic groups of Europe

 * see Category:Ethnic groups in Europe

Of the total population of Europe of some 730 million (as of 2005), some 85% or 630 million fall within three large ethno-linguistic super-groups, viz.,, and. The largest groups that do not fall within either of these are the and the  (about 13 million each). About 20-25 million residents are members of diasporas of non-European origin. The with some 500 million accounts for two thirds of European population.

The largest ethnic group of Europe are probably the with some 90 million settling in the European parts of, followed by the  (69 million),  (63 million),  (58 million),  (45 million),  (42 million),  (40 million) and the  (38 million).


 *  (approx. 230 million)
 * + (approx. 100 million)
 * (approx. 40 million)
 * (approx. 38 million)
 * (approx. 35 million)
 * (approx. 11 million)
 * (approx. 5 million)
 * (approx. 60,000)
 *  (approx. 200 million)
 * ++ (approx. 70 million)
 * (approx. 58 million)
 * , (approx. 42 million)
 * + (approx. 23 million)
 * (approx. 12 million)
 * (approx. 600,000)
 * (approx. 100,000)
 *  (approx. 190-200 million)
 * +++ (approx. 90 million)
 * (approx. 45 million)
 * (approx. 22 million)
 * + (approx. 22 million)
 * (approx. 1.5 million)
 *  (approx. 1 million speakers of, but depending on the definition, some 20 million may be considered "")
 * (approx. 6 million)
 * (approx. 6 million)
 * (approx. 5 million)
 * (approx. 5 million)
 * (approx. 500,000)
 * (approx. 80,000)
 * (approx. 13 million)
 * (approx. 8 million)
 * (approx. 5 million)
 * (roughly 5-10 million)
 * (approx. 11 million in and, another 5 million in )
 * (approx. 10 million)
 * (approx. 2 million)
 * (approx. 1.6 million)
 * (approx. 300,000)
 * (approx. 100,000)
 * (approx. 90,000)
 * (approx. 13 million)
 * (approx. 6 million)
 * (approx. 1 million)
 * (approx. 100,000)
 * (approx. 850,000)
 * (approx. 640,000)
 * (approx. 600,000)
 * (approx. 400,000)
 * (approx. 2.5 million)
 * (approx. 400,000)
 * (approx. 170,000)
 * (approx. 2.5 million)
 * (approx. 400,000)
 * (approx. 170,000)
 * (approx. 170,000)

Depending on what parts of the are considered part of Europe, various  may also be considered "European peoples":
 * approx. 4.5 million
 * approx. 4 million
 * approx. 2 million
 * approx. 600,000

"Indigenous" minorities
Since most of Europe in historical times was never colonized by non-European powers with lasting effect (arguably except for, and islands such as  or  ), the vast majority of Europeans can be considered "indigenous". In a more narrow sense of "", marginalized by historical expansion of their neighbour populations, the following groups can be considered "indigenous peoples" of Europe:
 * the, marginalized by expansion, mostly  such as the   of the western ,  and  of the northern  such as the.
 * the of northern Scandinavia (marginalized by  and  expansion)
 * the of France and Spain (marginalized by / expansion)

Physical appearance and genetic origins
The vast majority of Europeans are of the "" , characterized by lightly pigmented skin and variability in eye and hair colour , although typological division into races has now largely been discredited. There has been in Europe for over a million years, but humans with a recognisably modern anatomy can only be dated back to 40,000 years ago, with the settlement. Over the prehistoric period there was continual immigration to Europe, notably with the. It is probable that the origins of Cro Magnon man can be traced back to ancestors in.

European diasporas
Nations and regions outside of Europe with significant populations of European ancestry:
 * 🇮🇱
 * 🇨🇦 - 83% of the population
 * 🇺🇸  - 67.9% of the population
 * & (see  or )
 * 🇦🇷 - 95% of the population
 * 🇧🇷  - 49.9% of the population
 * 🇲🇽 - 10% and 15% of the population
 * 🇨🇺 -  65.5% of the population
 * 🇨🇴 - 20% of the population
 * - 30% of the population
 * - 94% of the population
 * 🇲🇽 - 10% and 15% of the population
 * 🇨🇺 -  65.5% of the population
 * 🇨🇴 - 20% of the population
 * - 30% of the population
 * - 94% of the population


 * 🇦🇺 - 89.3% of the population
 * 🇳🇿  - 59.1% of the population
 * 🇳🇿  - 59.1% of the population

Individual diasporas:



Diasporas in Europe
Populations of non-European origin in Europe:
 * approx. 5 million, mostly in Germany, France, the Netherlands and Austria
 * (Arabs ans Berbers): approx. 5 million, mostly in France, the Netherlands and Sweden
 * (many ethnicities): approx. 5 million, mostly in France, the UK, the Netherlands and Germany
 * approx. 200,000
 * (mainly ): approx. 2.2 million, with the largest groups in Spain and Italy
 * (many ethnicities): approx. 2 million, mostly in the UK (see also )
 * approx. 250,000
 * (sometimes considered European, see above): approx. 1.5 million
 * approx. 1.5 million, mostly in Germany
 * approx. 1 million, mostly in France, the UK and the Netherlands
 * approx. 900,000, mostly in the UK
 * approx. 500,000, mostly in Italy, the UK, France and Germany
 * approx. 130,000
 * ca. 100,000, mostly in the UK

European identity and culture
The culture of  might better be described as a series of overlapping cultures. Whether it is a question of West as opposed to East; Christianity as opposed to Islam; many have claimed to identify cultural fault lines across the continent.

European culture also has a broad influence beyond the continent of Europe due to the legacy of. In this broader sense it is sometimes referred to as . Nearly all of and all of  were ruled by European powers at one time or another, and  some parts of the New World, such as, still are. The vast majority of the population of the Americas speak European languages, specifically, , , and to a much lesser extent. Additionally the cultures of the European colonial powers (,, , , and ) exert a strong influence.

Pan-European identity refers to both the sense of personal identification with Europe, and to the identity possessed by 'Europe' as a whole. 'Europe' is widely used as a synonym for the even though there are millions of people living on the European continent in non-EU states. The prefix pan implies that the identity applies throughout Europe, and especially in an EU context, 'pan-European' is often contrasted with.

Religion


Since the, most of Europe has been dominated by. There are three major denominations,, and , with Protestantism restricted mostly to Germanic regions, and Orthodoxy to  Slavic regions and Greece. Catholicism, while centered in the Latin parts, has a significant following also in Germanic, Slavic and Celtic regions.

has some tradition in the (the European dominions of the   in the 16th to 19th centuries), in, ,  and Turkish , as well as among the  and  of. With 20th century migrations, have become a noticeable minority.

has a long, but remains a small minority religion, with (1%) the only European country with a Jewish population in excess of 0.5%. The Jewish population of Europe is comprised primarily of two, the and the. Ashkenazi Jews migrated to Europe, while Sephardi Jews established themselves  at least one thousand years before that.

In modern times, significant has taken place, notably in  France in the 19th century and in  in the 20th century. Currently, distribution of in Europe is very heterogeneous, with more than 80% in Poland, and less than 20% in the Czech Republic. On average, the 2005 poll found that 52% of the citizens of EU member state that they believe in God.