Saint-Cloud

Saint-Cloud is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 9.6 km from the centre of Paris. Like other communes of the Hauts-de-Seine such as Marnes-la-Coquette, Neuilly-sur-Seine or Vaucresson, Saint-Cloud is one of the wealthiest cities in France, ranked 2nd out of the 36500 in average household income.

History
The town is named after Clodoald, grandson of Clovis, who is supposed to have sought refuge in the hamlet of Novigentum. Canonized after his death, the village where his tomb was located took the name of Sanctus Clodoaldus.

A park contains the ruins of the Château de Saint-Cloud, built in 1572 and destroyed by fire in 1870, during the Franco-Prussian War. The château was the residence of several French rulers and served as the main country residence of the cadet Orléans line prior to the French Revolution. The palace was also the site of the coup d'état led by Napoleon Bonaparte that overthrew the French Directory in 1799.

The town is also famous for the Saint-Cloud porcelain produced there from 1693 to 1766.

The Headquarters of the International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol) had been located at 22 Rue Armengaud from 1966 until 1989, when it moved to Lyon.

Main sights
The main landmarks are the park of the demolished Château de Saint-Cloud and the Pavillon de Breteuil. The Saint-Cloud Racecourse, a race track for Thoroughbred flat racing, was built by Edmond Blanc in 1901 and is host to a number of important races including the annual Grand Prix de Saint-Cloud.

Transport
Saint-Cloud is served by two stations on the Transilien La Défense and Transilien Paris – Saint-Lazare suburban rail lines: Le Val d'Or and Saint-Cloud.

The town is also served by a number of stops on the T2 Tramway, which runs along the side of the Seine.

Central Saint-Cloud, known as le village, is also served by the metro station 'Boulogne-Pont de Saint-Cloud' (line 10), located across the Seine river on the Boulogne-Billancourt side of the Pont de Saint Cloud.

Personalities
Saint-Cloud was the birthplace of: <!--
 * Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (1674–1723), Regent of France from 1715 to 1723;
 * Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans (1676–1744) Regent of Lorraine, sister of the above and paternal grandmother of Marie Antoinette who later bought the Palace at Saint-Cloud;
 * Philippe Égalité (1747–1793), a key figure during the early stages of the French Revolution;
 * Princess Marie Bonaparte (1882–1962), psychoanalyst, closely linked with Sigmund Freud
 * Gilbert Norman (1914–1944), Special Operations Executive member
 * Annick Gendron painter
 * Jean-Claude Killy (born 1943), alpine skier and a triple Olympic champion
 * Gérard Manset (born 1945), known as Manset, rock songwriter
 * Hervé Guibert (1955–1991), writer
 * Alexandra Fusai (born 1973), former professional tennis player
 * Ingmar Lazar (born 1993), classical pianist, prodigy

Personnalités liées à la commune

 * Henri III (° 1551 - † 1589) - Roi de France, il a été assassiné à Saint-Cloud.
 * Philippe I de France (Monsieur) (° 1640 - † 1701) - Frère de Louis XIV, il vit dans son Château de Saint-Cloud à partir de 1658 où il est mort.
 * Henriette d'Angleterre (° 1644 - † 1670) - Fille du roi Charles Ier d'Angleterre et d'Écosse et de la reine Henriette de France, épouse de Philippe I de France, elle est morte dans le château de Saint-Cloud.
 * Napoléon Bonaparte (° 1769 - † 1821) - Empereur des Français, il fit du Château de Saint-Cloud sa résidence favorite et y réalisa son coup d’État du 18 brumaire an VIII (9 novembre 1799)
 * Jules Sénard (° 1800 - † 1885) - Avocat, homme politique français, il fut député, maire de Saint-Cloud de 1871 à 1874.
 * Émile Verhaeren (° 1855 - † 1916) - Poète belge flamand d'expression française, il a habité Saint-Cloud.
 * André Chevrillon (° 1864 - † 1957) - Écrivain français, membre de l'Académie française.
 * Florent Schmitt (° 1870 - † 1958) - Compositeur français, il habitait Saint-Cloud.
 * Alberto Santos-Dumont (° 1873 - † 1932) - Pionnier brésilien de l'aviation, en 1901 il remporta la compétition réservée aux dirigeables et consistant à couvrir en moins de 30 minutes la distance entre Saint-Cloud et la Tour Eiffel.
 * Maurice Ravel (° 1875 - † 1937) - Compositeur français.
 * Marcel Dassault (° 1892 - † 1986) - Ingénieur, entrepreneur et homme politique français.
 * Lino Ventura (° 1919 - † 1987) - Acteur italien du cinéma français, habitait Saint-Cloud où il est mort.
 * Jean-Pierre Fourcade (° 1929) - Inspecteur des finances, homme politique français, ancien ministre, il fut maire de Saint-Cloud de 1971 à 1992.
 * Gérard Holtz (° 1946) - Journaliste sportif français.
 * Michel Platini (° 1955) - Ex-capitaine de l'équipe de France de football.
 * Élodie Gossuin (° 1980) - Miss France 2001, Miss Europe 2002, conseillère régionale de Picardie.

De nombreuses personnalités sont enterrées au cimetière de Saint-Cloud, notamment :

--->
 * Edmond Blanc (1856-1920)
 * René Alexandre (1885-1946)
 * Maurice Bessy (1910-1993)
 * Gérard Blain (1930-2000)
 * Gilbert Grandval (1904-1981)
 * Fernand Gravey (1905-1970)
 * Jean-René Huguenin (1936-1962)
 * Dorothy Jordan (1761-1816)
 * Vlado Perlemuter (1904-2002)
 * Andrée Servilange (1911-2001)
 * Jean Toulout (1887-1962)
 * Maurice Yvain (1891-1965)

Twin towns
Saint-Cloud is twinned with:
 * 🇮🇹 - Frascati, Italy
 * 🇩🇪 - Bad Godesberg, Germany
 * 🇧🇪 - Kortrijk, Belgium
 * 🇬🇧 - Windsor and Maidenhead, United Kingdom