December 11

Events

 * - The first known of the City of, , took office.
 * - or Gruffudd (b. c. 1228) the last native, was killed at , near , south . He was the last prince of an independent Wales before its conquest by King . Some would say he was the penultimate, but in effect he was the last ruler. In , he is remembered by the alliterative soubriquet  (Llywelyn, Our Last Leader).
 * - A surprise attack by forces under the command of the and his brother-in-law,, is repelled by the citizens of . (This actually takes place after midnight, in the early morning of , but commemorations/celebrations on  are usually held on December 11 or the closest weekend.)
 * - : King is put on trial for treason by the.
 * - becomes the 19th.
 * - is sworn in as the first black member of the.
 * - Dial Square FC, a club from,  that will eventually become known as , play their first match, a 6-0 win over Eastern Wanderers.
 * - British troops take from the troops of the
 * -  was promulgated, introducing the.
 * - : militia and worker  launch an uprising in the  city of, taking over most of the city and announcing the formation of a Guangzhou.
 * - The enacts the, which establishes a status of legislative equality between the self-governing dominions of the , the , the , , the , and the.
 * - A fire at the Hotel Kerns in, kills 34 people.
 * - : 's abdication as King of the, the , and becomes effective.
 * - : leaves the
 * - : and  declare war on the.
 * - The (UNICEF) is established.
 * - declares its independence from, and becomes an autonomous republic in the.
 * - Awarded Nobel Prize in Chemistry for process of photosynthesis.
 * - speaks at the  General Assembly in New York City. An unknown terrorist fired a mortar shell at the building during the speech.
 * - The of the  is formed.
 * - becomes the sixth mission to land on the.
 * - The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (known as either or ) is enacted by the U.S. Congress.
 * 1981  - : Salvadoran armed forces kill an estimated 900 civilians in an anti-guerrilla campaign during the country's civil war.
 * - Forty-eight people are killed when a block of the s near,.
 * - :  orders n troops into
 * - The opens for signature.
 * - A -200 crashes near, killing 101.
 * - The joins the.
 * 2005  - The  in  is rocked by explosions, causing a huge oil fire.
 * 2005  - : Thousands of White ns demonstrate against ethnic violence resulting in a riot against anyone thought to be  (and many who were not) in  . These are followed up by ethnic attacks on.
 * - The is opened in,  by.

Births

 * -, Japanese shogun (d. )
 * - (d. )
 * -, Portuguese composer (d. )
 * -, Italian composer (d. )
 * -, queen consort of Spain (d. )
 * - . Italian philosopher (d. )
 * -, American statesman (d. )
 * -, Italian physicist (d. )
 * - Sir, British physicist (d. )
 * -, German writer (d. )
 * -, French composer (d. )
 * -, French poet (d. )
 * -, Irish-Canadian brewer (d. )
 * -, German bacteriologist, (d. )
 * -, Russian theatre director (d. )
 * -, American astronomer (d. )
 * -, Slovenian mathematician (d. )
 * -, Australian cricketer (d. )
 * -, Indian poet (d. )
 * 1882  -, German physicist,  (d. )
 * 1882  -, American statesman (d. )
 * -, British-born American actor (d. )
 * -, American farmer (d. )
 * -, singer (d. )
 * 1890  -, American painter (d. )
 * -, American actor (d. )
 * 1905  -, British writer (d. )
 * -, American composer
 * -, Brazilian songwriter (d. )
 * -, Egyptian writer, (d. )
 * 1911  -, British film director (d. )
 * -, Italian film producer (d. )
 * -, French actor (d. )
 * -, Cuban-born bandleader (d. )
 * -, Russian writer,
 * -, American actress (d. )
 * -, American writer
 * 1922  -, Indian actor
 * 1922  -, Greek singer (d. )
 * -, American actress
 * -, American neuroscientist,
 * -, American singer (d. )
 * -, American comics artist (d. )
 * -, French actor
 * 1930  -, Spanish actress
 * -, Puerto Rican actress
 * 1931  -, Canadian ice hockey player
 * 1931  -, Indian guru (d. )
 * -, Filipino politician
 * -, American actor (d. )
 * 1935  -, Indian politician
 * 1935  -, Canadian ice hockey player (d. )
 * -, Japanese politician
 * -, American writer
 * -, American jazz pianist
 * 1938  -, Algerian-born French singer
 * -, American politician
 * 1939  -, American writer
 * -, American musician
 * -, Canadian ice hockey player
 * -, American actress
 * -, American politician
 * -, American film actress
 * 1944  -, American actress
 * 1944  -, American singer
 * 1944 -, American tenor
 * -, Greek composer
 * -, American heiress (d. )
 * -, American actress
 * -, American musician
 * 1954  -, Icelandic engineer
 * -, Playwright
 * -, American musician
 * -, American reality show star
 * -, American actor
 * 1962  -, Bosnian singer
 * -, American musician/record producer
 * -, Quebec comedian
 * 1964 - , American who claimed involvement in  case
 * 1964  -, American musician
 * 1964  -, American singer
 * 1964  -, Canadian synchronized swimmer
 * -, American actor
 * 1966  -, Cantonese singer/actor
 * -, American music producer
 * 1967  -, American actress/comedienne
 * -, Indian chess grandmaster
 * 1969  -, Norwegian footballer
 * 1969  -, American sportscaster
 * -, Swedish ice hockey player
 * 1972  -, Saudi Arabian footballer
 * 1972  -, Romanian television news reporter
 * -, American rapper and actor
 * -, American professional wrestler
 * 1974  -, English TV personality
 * -, Dutch cyclist
 * 1975  -, Japanese actress
 * -, American basketball player
 * -, Swiss ice hockey player
 * -, American actor
 * -, Indian actor
 * -, Canadian actress
 * 1981  -, Australian comedian
 * 1981  -, Australian rules footballer
 * 1981  -, Argentine footballer
 * 1981  -, American musician
 * -, Argentine racing driver
 * -, English footballer
 * -, Moldovan singer and dancer
 * -, English chess prodigy
 * -, American singer and actress

Deaths

 * -, Caliph of Egypt (b. )
 * -, English politician (b. )
 * 1282  -, Greek  (b. )
 * -, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. )
 * - (b. )
 * -, English historian (b. )
 * -, English bookseller (b. )
 * -, English physician (b. )
 * - (b. )
 * -, American businessman and politician (b. )
 * -, Scottish theologian (b. )
 * -, Russian poet (b. )
 * -, Slovenian writer (b. )
 * -, South African writer (b. )
 * -, Norwegian pacifist and recipient of laureate (b. )
 * -, American poet and aviator (b. )
 * 1941  -, French mathematician (b. )
 * -, French physicist (b. )
 * -, New Zealand astronomer (b. )
 * - (Jeanne Roques), French actress (b. )
 * -, American baseball player (b. )
 * -, American singer (b. )
 * 1964  -, American actor (b. )
 * -, American fast-food pioneer (b. )
 * -, American chemist and laureate (b. )
 * 1978  -, Baseball player (b. )
 * - Sir, British General (b. )
 * -, German-born American scholar (b. )
 * -, Indian writer (b. )
 * -, American photographer (b. )
 * -, American game show host and actor (b. )
 * 1991  -, Swedish author and critic (b. )
 * -, American archaeologist (b. )
 * -, English cartoonist (b. )
 * -, Polish-French physicist (b. )
 * -, American singer (b. )
 * 1999  -, Japanese drummer  (b. )
 * -, Pakistani politician, diplomat and author (b. )
 * 2000  -, American actor (b. )
 * -, Côte d'Ivoire writer (b. )
 * -, Indian singer (b. )
 * 2004  -, Argentinian footballer  (b. )
 * 2004  -, New Zealand running coach (b. )
 * -, American, oldest verified person in the world at the time of her death (b. )
 * 2004  -, New Zealand running coach (b. )
 * -, American, oldest verified person in the world at the time of her death (b. )

Holidays and observances

 * - One of the four, this day in honour of ; also the festival
 * - : optional memorial;
 * - Day,
 * - (,  became an autonomous republic in the .)
 * - Admission day for (19th state, )
 * - Governor Day, 's State Holiday since
 * - Remembrance Day of
 * - Day, local official holiday