January 12

Events

 * - becomes, with a coronation ceremony in the  palace in.
 * - crowned king of.
 * -  first staged at the.
 * - The first public n opens in.
 * - is founded in what is now.
 * - The first issue of the  (then known as the Zürcher Zeitung) is published.
 * - The in Sicily rises against the  kingdom of the
 * - is formed in.
 * - is crowned Emperor of  in, the first imperial coronation in that city in over 200 years.
 * - becomes emperor of.
 * - is founded in Britain.
 * - begins his third term as.
 * - 's cabinet (which included amongst its members, , and ) embarks on sweeping social reforms after a Liberal landslide in the British general election.
 * - A long-distance message is sent from the  for the first time.
 * - The is formed by an act of.
 * 1915  -  rejects proposal to give women the.
 * 1918  -  's "Mosaic Confessors" law went into effect, making Finnish Jews full citizens.
 * - and  premiere their  program ', a precursor to '; possibly the first.
 * - becomes the first woman elected to the.
 * - : bombs cities in.
 * -  creates the.
 * - : The begin a large offensive in  against the.
 * - Rebels in begin a revolt known as the  and proclaimed a republic.
 * - states that the  should stay in  until  aggression there is ended.
 * 1966  -  the  debuts on.
 * - Dr. becomes the first person to be  with intent of future resuscitation.
 * - and the  defeat the  16-7 in, becoming the first team from the  to win 's top championship.
 * 1969  -  releases their first album.
 * - capitulates, ending the.
 * -  debuts on.
 * 1971  - : The Reverend  and five others are indicted on charges of conspiring to kidnap  and of plotting to blow up the heating tunnels of federal buildings in.
 * - votes 11-1 to allow the  to participate in a  debate (without voting rights).
 * - : An act of the authorizes the use of military force to drive  out of.
 * - A new constitution, providing for freedom to form political parties, is approved by referendum in.
 * - 's daughter,, is arrested for conspiring to kill.
 * - Nineteen an nations agree to forbid.
 * - launches from  by a  rocket.
 * - The foreign ministers of the, , and declare that negotiations with  over its  have reached a dead end and recommend that Iran be referred to the . (ABC)
 * 2006  -  during the  ritual on the last day at the  in, , kills at least 362  s. (BBC)
 * 2006  -  releases  from jail after he served 25 years for shooting . (BBC)
 * 2006  - The  warship  reaches  and is barred access to the .  activists board the ship. (BBC)
 * - reached  becoming the brightest comet in more than 40 years.

Births

 * -, German nobleman (d. )
 * - (d. )
 * -, Dutch writer (d. )
 * -, Spanish painter (d. )
 * -, French sculptor (d. )
 * -, French folklorist (d. )
 * -, French composer (d. )
 * -, Spanish general (d. )
 * -, Prussian general (d. )
 * -, American President of Harvard University (d. )
 * -, Irish statesman (d. )
 * -, American statesman (d. )
 * -, Swiss (d. )
 * - (d. )
 * -, English politician (d. )
 * -, Swedish chemist (d. )
 * -, Austrian physician (d. )
 * -, French painter (d. )
 * -, French general (d. )
 * -, American artist (d. )
 * -, American baseball player (d. )
 * -, Indian philosopher (d. )
 * -, Greek runner, winner of the first modern  (d. )
 * -, American author (d. )
 * 1876  -, Italian composer (d. )
 * -, American politician (d. )
 * -, Hungarian writer (d. )
 * -, American race car driver (d. )
 * -, American actor (d. )
 * -, American actress (d. )
 * -, Russian aircraft designer (d. )
 * -, Nazi official (d. )
 * 1893  -, Nazi official (d. )
 * -, French boxer (d. )
 * -, Irish director (d. )
 * -, Swiss chemist, (d. )
 * - (d. )
 * -, American blues musician (d. )
 * -, American country singer and actor (d. )
 * 1905  -, American archaeologist (d. )
 * -, Russian playwright (d. )
 * -, American actress (d. )
 * 1907  -, Russian rocket scientist (d. )
 * -, French film director
 * 1908  -, American illustrator (d. )
 * -, German two-time Academy Award winning actress
 * -, American writer (d. )
 * -, former (d. )
 * 1916  -, American musician  (d.  )
 * -, Indian spiritualist
 * 1917  -, professional hockey coach  (d. )
 * -, American activist (d. )
 * -, Polish journalist, art historian and publicist (d. )
 * -, American soldier (d. )
 * -, Belgian racing driver (d. )
 * -, American actress
 * -, American singer
 * -, American singer (d. )
 * 1928  -, American race car driver
 * -, Canadian hockey player (d. )
 * 1930  -, American singer
 * -, British television presenter
 * -, mentalist
 * 1935  -, Japanese actress
 * -, British actress
 * 1937 -, Spanish baritone (d. )
 * -, British blues singer (d. )
 * -, American boxer
 * 1944  -, Czechoslovakian chess player
 * 1944  -, Mexican actor
 * -, American musician
 * 1946  -, Scottish judiciary figure
 * 1946  - , American musician
 * -, American Nation of Islam spokesman (d. )
 * 1948  -, English footballer
 * 1948  -, English writer
 * -, Japanese novelist
 * 1949  -, Japanese composer (d. )
 * 1949  -, Hong Kong-born film director
 * -, American politician
 * 1950  -, American politician
 * 1950  -, Swedish politician
 * 1950  -, American murderer (d. )
 * -, American actress
 * 1951  -, American law professor
 * 1951  -, American radio personality
 * -, American author
 * -, American radio host
 * -, screenwriter
 * -, American director, founder of Pixar Animation Studios
 * -, German singer and musician
 * 1959  -, Swedish songwriter and musician
 * 1959  -, British celebrity chef
 * -, Canadian actor
 * 1960  -, American basketball player
 * -, French Canadian film director and screenwriter
 * -, American entrepreneur
 * -, American musician
 * -, French actor
 * -, Swedish supermodel
 * -, British activist
 * 1968  -, Japanese composer
 * 1968  -, American actress
 * 1968  -, Brazilian footballer
 * -, Croatian footballer.
 * -, American musician.
 * 1970  -, American rapper.
 * -, daughter of.
 * 1972  -, Norwegian ice hockey player.
 * 1972  -, American comedian.
 * 1972  -, American comedian.
 * -, singer.
 * -, former bassist.
 * 1973  -, Turkish singer.
 * -, British singer.
 * 1974  -, Norwegian cross-country skier.
 * -, American musician
 * 1975  -, Canadian ice hockey player
 * -, American soccer player
 * 1977  -, Cuban baseball player
 * 1977  -, American football player
 * 1977  -, Filipino actor
 * -, American musician
 * -, American musician
 * 1978  -, Korean actress
 * 1978  -, baseball pitcher
 * -, Slovak ice hockey player
 * 1979  -, Polish footballer
 * -, American singer and songwriter
 * 1980  -, American baseball player
 * -, Uzbekistanian boxer
 * 1982  -, French tennis player
 * 1982  -, American baseball player
 * 1982  -, Greek triple jumper
 * 1982  -, American baseball player
 * -, American baseball player
 * -, Spanish actress
 * -, Spanish footballer
 * -, American actor
 * 1987  -, Italian footballer
 * -, Irish footballer
 * 1988  -, American actor
 * -, Ukrainian chess player
 * -, Japanese gravure idol
 * -, Japanese gravure idol

Deaths

 * -, wife of (b. )
 * - (b. )
 * -, Governor of the Spanish Netherlands (b. )
 * -, French mathematician and lawyer (b. )
 * -, Italian composer (b. )
 * -, saint (b. )
 * -, Italian artist (b. )
 * -, British archaeologist (b. )
 * -, English composer (b. )
 * - (b. )
 * -, American Revolutionary War officer (mortally wounded in battle) (b. )
 * -, English Catholic prelate (b. )
 * -, Spanish Jesuit (b. )
 * -, (b. )
 * -, Slovak politician, author of Slovak language, (b. )
 * -, American distiller (b. )
 * -, German mathematician (b. )
 * -, English soldier, recipient of the Victoria Cross (b. )
 * -, Dutch journalist and writer (b. )
 * -, American pilot (b. )
 * -, American actor (b. )
 * -, English writer (b. )
 * -, Russian writer and feminist (b. )
 * -, American writer (b. )
 * -, English writer (b. )
 * -, French film director and screenwriter (b. )
 * -, Nigerian percussionist (b. )
 * 1983  -,  (b. )
 * -, Canadian-born educator et writer (b. )
 * -, German mathematician (b. )
 * -, Canadian-born cancer researcher, recipient of the (b. )
 * 1997  -, French author (b. )
 * -, American voice actress (b. )
 * 1999  -, Canadian ice hockey player (b. )
 * -, American animator (b. )
 * 2000  -, American basketball player (b. )
 * -, American racehorse (b. )
 * 2001  -, American engineer and businessman (b. )
 * 2001  -, Brazilian guitarist and composer (b. )
 * -, South African comedian (b. )
 * 2002  -, 57th  (b. )
 * -, American ornithologist (b. )
 * 2003  -, Japanese director (b. )
 * 2003  -, dictator of Argentina (b. )
 * 2003  -, British singer, songwriter, and musician  (b. )
 * -, Russian mathematician (b. )
 * 2004  -, American singer and songwriter (b. )
 * -, first survivor of eight transplants in one operation (b. )
 * -, Indian actor (b. )
 * 2005  -, Estonian-born cartoonist (b. )
 * -, American jazz musician (b. )

Holidays and observances

 * - Day
 * - National Youth Day 's birthday