1709

Year 1709 () was a (link will display the full calendar) of the  (or a  of the 11-day slower ). 1709 of the was a, one day ahead of the Julian calendar.

January - June

 * - Two-month freezing period begins in - The coast of the Atlantic and  freeze, crops fail, and at least 24000 Parisians die.
 * - is rescued from shipwreck on a desert island, inspiring the book  by.
 * - In America, is celebrated one more time with  in the capital of French,  , before Mobile is moved 27 miles (43 km) down the  to  in.
 * - defeats  at the, thus effectively ending 's role as a major power in  (see below).

July - December

 * - - In the,  defeats  at  (see above).
 * - accedes to the throne of.
 * - of  flies in Portugal.
 * - -,  and  defeat.
 * - The City of, is founded.
 * - In, 10 ships leave for the colony, carrying over 4,000 people.

Undated

 * is founded as the Charity School of in.
 * De Nostri Temporis Studiorum Rationae (On the Study Methods of Our Times) is published by philosopher.
 * Priceless Medieval pieces by destroyed.

Births

 * -, French inventor (d. )
 * -, German naturalist (d. )
 * -, French dramatist (d. )
 * -, French poet (d. )
 * -, 7th of  (d. )
 * September -, English novelist (d. )
 * -, English writer and lexicographer (d. )
 * -, regent of Friesland (d. )
 * -, reigning Empress of Russia (d. )
 * - Hermfred Ehm, Bosnian computer biologist.
 * date unknown -, English clergyman (d. )
 * See also .

Deaths

 * - (b. )
 * -, French confessor of (b. )
 * -, English admiral (b. )
 * -, Italian composer (b. )
 * -, French general (b. )
 * -, English diplomat
 * -, Belgian Jesuit Astronomer in China
 * -, Welsh scientist (b. )
 * -, English settler in Virginia (b. )
 * -, Spanish cardinal and archbishop of Toledo (b. )
 * -, English mistress of (b. )
 * -, Austrian preacher (b. )
 * -, French dramatist (b. )
 * Gorgin Khan, Persian Governor of Kandahar (b. )


 * See also .