January 16

Events

 * - The title is bestowed upon Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian by the.
 * - : The, under King , conquer after a long siege, by bribing the n garrison.
 * - Emir of  declares himself, thereby establishing the.
 * - The is held, establishing the earliest surviving written laws of the r.
 * - A great in the  destroys the  island of  and the city of.
 * - The family are made official bankers of the.
 * - Painter elopes with, a young nun from the convent of.
 * - The first of a modern language, in, is presented to Queen.
 * - becomes  of.
 * - becomes King of.
 * - The is tried for treason for his part in the  to restore  in.
 * -  outlaws.
 * - The first edition of  (Book One of Don Quixote) by was published in.
 * - The ratified the, paving way for the creation of.
 * - capture,  from the.
 * - declares its independence from.
 * - occupy,.
 * - : The defeat the  at the.
 * - is appointed Governor of the new  Territory.
 * - Danish-Prussian War : King declares war to the  in order to occupy
 * - with a  of  army s liberates  from the  rule.
 * - The, establishing the , is passed.
 * - Defeat of at ,.
 * - The accepts the - treaty of  in which the  renounces its claims to the.
 * - 's expedition finds the magnetic.
 * - : The ratifies the, authorizing  one year after ratification.
 * - Sorority Inc. was founded on the campus of.
 * - moves into his underground bunker, the so-called.
 * - President of  vows to reconquer.
 * - Youth International Party is founded.
 * - student  commits suicide by  in, in protest against the s' crushing of the  the year before.
 * 1969  -   starts running.
 * - receives the  award from the.
 * - The flees  with his family and relocates to.
 * - First meeting of the.
 * - The United States of America declares war on Iraq, beginning the Persian Gulf War (U.S.Time).
 * - officials and rebel leaders sign the  in  that ends a 12-year  that claimed at least 75,000.
 * -  resigns from office for health reasons.
 * - President  is assassinated by one of his own bodyguards.
 * 2001  -   awards former US President  a posthumous  for his service in the.
 * - The unanimously establishes an arms embargo and the freezing of assets of, , and the remaining members of the.
 * - takes off for mission  which will be its final one. Columbia disintegrates 16 days later on re-entry.
 * - gives birth at age 66 and becomes the oldest woman in the world to do so.
 * - is sworn in as 's new . She becomes 's first female elected head of state.
 * - is sworn in as 's new . She becomes 's first female elected head of state.

Births

 * -, son of (d. )
 * - (d. )
 * -, German astronomer and cartographer (d. )
 * -, confidant of King (d. )
 * -, French soldier (d. )
 * -, Flemish painter (d. )
 * -, Norwegian poet (d. )
 * -, French writer (d. )
 * -, Italian composer (d. )
 * -, American Civil War Admiral (d )
 * -, American Civil War general (d. )
 * -, Confederate general (d. )
 * -, American politician (d. )
 * -, German philosopher and psychologist (d. )
 * -, French industrialist (d. )
 * -, Canadian poet (d. )
 * -, German enzyme kinetic theorist (d. )
 * -, Chinese writer (d. )
 * -, American actor (d. )
 * -, Russian writer (d. )
 * -, American author (d. )
 * -, Mexican poet (d. )
 * -, American film editor (d. )
 * -, Cuban leader (d. )
 * 1901  -, American inventor (d. )
 * -, Scottish runner (d. )
 * -, British racing driver (d. )
 * -, British actress (d. )
 * -, American government official (d. )
 * -, American actress and singer (d. )
 * -, American baseball player (d. )
 * -, French cyclist (d. )
 * 1911  -, Chilean politician (d.)
 * -, Dutch poet (d. )
 * 1918  -, American writer (d. )
 * -, Argentine racing driver (d. )
 * -, American photographer (d. )
 * -, Italian singer
 * -, American poet (d. )
 * -, Mexican actress (d. )
 * -, American author
 * -, American murderer (d. )
 * -, German politician (d. )
 * -, American zoologist (d. )
 * -, American writer (d. )
 * -, American opera singer
 * -, American race car driver
 * -, Brazilian racing driver
 * -, Canadian music executive
 * 1942  -, American singer
 * -, British composer
 * 1943  -, American singer and songwriter
 * -, American singer and songwriter
 * -, Indian actor
 * 1946  -, Italian soprano
 * -, American radio talk show host
 * 1947  -, British author (d. )
 * 1947  -, British politician
 * -, American film director
 * 1948  -, New Zealand entertainer (d. )
 * 1948  -, Canadian snooker player
 * 1948  -, American magazine editor
 * -, American dancer and choreographer
 * 1950  -, Japanese singer
 * -, American radio talk show host
 * - King
 * -, American neo-Nazi (d. )
 * -, Dutch football manager
 * 1956  -, Russian journalist (d. )
 * -, Russian climber (d. )
 * 1958  -, Swedish politician
 * -, Nigerian-born singer
 * -, English musician (d. )
 * 1961  -, American singer-songwriter
 * -, British musician
 * -, English television presenter
 * -, American singer
 * -, Professional Boxer
 * -, Swedish black metal vocalist (d. )
 * -, Irish comic book author
 * 1970  -, Scottish drummer
 * 1970  -, American baseball player
 * -, Australian actor
 * -, American actress
 * -, English model
 * 1974  -, American baseball player
 * -, actress
 * 1975  -, American visual effects creator
 * -, Russian racing driver
 * 1976  -, Slovak female swimmer
 * -, American basketball player
 * -, American singer (d. )
 * 1979  -, Canadian ice hockey player
 * 1979  -, Canadian ice hockey player
 * -, Dominican-born baseball player
 * 1980  -, Hungarian model
 * -, English footballer
 * 1981  -, American guitarist
 * -, British singer
 * 1982  -, Turkish footballer
 * -, Austrian footballer
 * -, British fashion model
 * -, Danish footballer
 * -, Italian footballer

Deaths

 * -, English politician (executed) (b. )
 * -, German reformer (b. )
 * -, German astronomer and cartographer (b. )
 * -, Danish humanist (b. )
 * -, English admiral (b. )
 * -, French lawyer (b. )
 * - (b. )
 * -, Apostle of Ceylon (b. )
 * -, German poet (b. )
 * -, Dutch classical scholar (b. )
 * -, Russian field marshall (b. )
 * -, English topographer (b. )
 * -, English historian (b. )
 * -, British general (b. )
 * -, English mistress of (b. )
 * -, American statesman (b. )
 * -, French mathematician (b. )
 * -, American naturalist (b. )
 * -, French writer (b. )
 * -, French Canadian poet (b. )
 * -, French composer (b. )
 * -, longest-serving MP in the (b. )
 * -, U.S. admiral (b. )
 * -, (b. )
 * -, philanthropist (b. )
 * -, American serial killer (b. )
 * -, American actress (b. )
 * -, Italian conductor (b. )
 * -, Croatian sculptor (b. )
 * -, American tenor-saxophone player (b. )
 * -, American nuclear physicist (b. )
 * -, American composer and songwriter (b. )
 * 1969  -, Czech freedom fighter (b. )
 * -, Belgian cyclist (b. )
 * -, American actor and creator of (b. )
 * -, American actor (b. )
 * 1979  -, German SS officer (b. )
 * -, English actor (b. )
 * -, American sports columnist (b. )
 * -, American evangelist, author, and publisher (b. )
 * -, Croatian war criminal (b. )
 * 1988  -, English actor (b. )
 * -, Icelandic strength athlete (b. )
 * -, English poet, teacher, critic, and editor (b. )
 * -, son of entertainer (murdered) (b. )
 * -, Greek actor (b. )
 * -, musical entertainer (b. )
 * -, (b. )
 * -, Mayor of Chicago (b. )
 * 2002  -, Swedish composer (b. )
 * 2002  -, American boxer (b. )
 * 2002  -, American actor (b. )
 * -, English politician (b. )
 * -, (b. )
 * -, American journalist (b. )
 * -, American physician, pioneer of transgender surgery, (b. )
 * -, American actor (b. )
 * 2007  -, American Racecar driver & Commentator (b. )
 * 2007  -, American Racecar driver & Commentator (b. )

Holidays and observances

 * in
 * in the, to commemorate the adoption of 's landmark in