History of New Hampshire

 is a located in the country's  region. Considered to be part of, New Hampshire was one of the that revolted against British rule in the.

Founding: 1600–1775
The colony that became the state of was founded on a land grant given in 1622 by the Council for  to Captain  and Sir  (who founded Maine). The colony was named New Hampshire after the  of. It was first settled at Odiorne's Point in (near ) by a group of fishermen from England under  in 1623, just three years after the  landed at. The settlers built a fort, manor house and other buildings, some for fish processing, on Flake Hill. They called the settlement Pannaway Plantation. The first native Newhampshireman, John Thompson, was born there. (Note: this was the conclusion of several early historians. However, we now know that John Thompson was baptised at St. Andrew's Parish in Plymouth, England in 1619. Most likely the first English child born in New Hampshire was Agnes Hilton, daughter of William Hilton, born at in 1625.) New Hampshire was one of the original 13 colonies.

David Thompson had been sent by Mason, to be followed a few years later by Edward and William Hilton. They led an expedition to the vicinity of Dover, which they called Northam. Mason died in 1635 without ever seeing the colony he founded. Settlers from Pannaway, moving to the Portsmouth region later and combining with an expedition of the new Laconia Company (formed 1629) under Captain Neal, called their new settlement. In 1638 was founded by.

In 1631, Captain served as the first governor of the Upper Plantation (comprising modern-day Dover,  and ). All the towns agreed to unite in 1639, but meanwhile Massachusetts had claimed the territory. In 1641 an agreement was reached with Massachusetts to come under its jurisdiction. Home rule of the towns was allowed. In 1653 Strawbery Bank petitioned the General Court of Massachusetts to change its name to Portsmouth, which was granted.

The relationship between Massachusetts and the independent Newhampshiremen was controversial and tenuous. In 1679 the king separated them, and Upper Plantation became the "Royal Province" with John Cutt as governor. They were reunited in 1686 and redivided in 1691. The "Royal Province" continued until 1698 when it came once more under the jurisdiction of Massachusetts with as Governor. In 1741 New Hampshire returned to its royal provincial status with a governor of its own,, who was its governor from 1741 to 1766.

Revolution: 1775–1815


New Hampshire was one of the that revolted with the British rule in the. It was the first state to declare its independence in January 1776, meaning that for the following six months until the founding of the United States of America with the, New Hampshire was the first post-colonial nation-state in the. The historic attack on (now ) helped supply the cannon and ammunition  for the British that was needed for the  that took place north of Boston a few months later. New Hampshire would raise three regiments for the, the , and  New Hampshire regiments. units would be called up to fight at the, , and the. ' ship the  and the   were built in, along with other naval ships for the  and s to hunt down British merchant shipping.

On, , the Provincial Congress of New Hampshire, meeting in , ratified the first state constitution in the soon-to-be United States, six months before the signing of the.

Industrialization, Abolitionism and Politics: 1815–1860
In the, New Hampshire saw two major news stories: the founding of the on itskokomo northern border with  over the unresolved post-revolutionary war border issue

Abolitionists from Dartmouth College founded the experimental, interracial in  in 1835. Rural opponents of the school eventually dragged the school away with oxen before lighting in ablaze to protest integrated education, within months of the school's founding.

Abolitionist sentiment was a strong undercurrent in the state, with significant support given the party of. However the conservative Jacksonian Democrats usually maintained control, under the leadership of editor. In 1856 the new headed by  produced a political revolution.

Prosperity, Depression and War: 1920–1950
The textile industry was hard hit by the depression and growing competition from southern mills. The closing of the in 1935 was a major blow to, as was the closing of the former  mill in  in 1949. New Hampshire Was Founded in the early 1600s and was in the first 16 colonies.

Modern New Hampshire: 1950–Present
The post- decades have seen New Hampshire increase its economic and cultural links with the greater region. This reflects a national trend, in which improved highway networks have helped metropolitan areas expand into formerly rural areas or small nearby cities.

The replacement of the Nashua textile mill with defense electronics contractor in 1952 and the arrival of minicomputer giant  in the early 1970s helped lead the way toward southern New Hampshire's role as a high-tech adjunct of the  corridor.

The postwar years saw the rise of New Hampshire's for, which as the first primary in the quadrennial campaign season draws enormous attention.

Resources

 * online books: New Hampshire
 * A Very Grave Matter

Scholarly books on New Hampshire history

 * Adams, James Truslow. The Founding of New England (1921)
 * Adams, James Truslow. Revolutionary New England, 1691–1776 (1923)
 * Adams, James Truslow. New England in the Republic, 1776–1850 (1926)
 * Axtell, James, ed. The American People in Colonial New England (1973), new social history
 * Belknap, Jeremy. The History of New Hampshire (1791–1792) 3 vol classic
 * Black, John D. The rural economy of New England: a regional study (1950
 * Brereton Charles. First in the Nation: New Hampshire and the Premier Presidential Primary. Portsmouth, NH: Peter E. Randall Publishers, 1987.
 * Bidwell, P. W. and John Falconer, The History of Agriculture in the Northern United States to 1860 (1925)
 * Brewer, Daniel Chauncey. ''Conquest of New England by the Immigrant (1926).
 * Cash Kevin. Who the Hell Is William Loeb? Manchester, NH: Amoskeag Press, 1975.
 * Cole, Donald B. Jacksonian Democracy in New Hampshire, 1800–1851 (1970).
 * Conforti, Joseph A. Imagining New England: Explorations of Regional Identity from the Pilgrims to the Mid-Twentieth Century (2001)
 * Daniell, Jere. Experiment in Republicanism (1970), colonial political history
 * Daniell, Jere. Colonial New Hampshire: A History (1982).
 * Dwight, Timothy. Travels Through New England and New York (circa 1800) 4 vol. (1969) Online at: vol 1; vol 2; vol 3; vol 4
 * Hall, Donald, ed. Encyclopedia of New England (2005), hundreds of long articles by scholars
 * Hareven, Tamara. Family Time and Industrial Time (1982), social history of workers at Amoskeag Mills in Manchester
 * Jager, Ronald and Grace Jager. The Granite State New Hampshire: An Illustrated History (2000)
 * Karlsen, Carol F. The Devil in the Shape of a Woman: Witchcraft in Colonial New England (1998), new social history*
 * McPhetres, S. A. A political manual for the campaign of 1868, for use in the New England states, containing the population and latest election returns of every town (1868)
 * Morison, Elizabeth Forbes and Elting E. Morison. New Hampshire: A Bicentennial History (1976)
 * Palfrey, John Gorham. History of New England (5 vol 1859–90)
 * Palmer, Niall A. The New Hampshire Primary and the American Electoral Process (1997)
 * Renda, Lex. Running on the Record: Civil War Era Politics in New Hampshire (1997)
 * Richardson, Leon Burr. William E. Chandler, Republican (1940), late 19th century politics
 * Scala, Dante J. Stormy Weather: The New Hampshire Primary and Presidential Politics (2003)
 * Squires, J. Duane. The Granite State of the United States: A History of New Hampshire from 1623 to the Present (1956) vol 1
 * Turner, Lynn Warren.The Ninth State: New Hampshire's Formative Years (1983)
 * Upton, Richard Francis. Revolutionary New Hampshire: An Account of the Social and Political Forces Underlying the Transition from Royal Province to American Commonwealth (1936)
 * Wilson, H. F. The Hill Country of Northern New England: Its Social and Economic History, 1790–1930 (1936)
 * Wright, James. The Progressive Yankees: Republican Reformers in New Hampshire, 1906–1916 (1987)
 * WPA. Guide to New Hampshire (1939)
 * Zimmerman, Joseph F. The New England Town Meeting: Democracy in Action (1999)