1285

Events

 * - Archbishop orders all priests subject to his bishopry in  to deliver sermons in  rather than, thus further unifying the  in Poland and fostering a national identity.
 * - succeeds  as the 190th.
 * - sultan  begins a siege of the r fortress of  (in present-day ), a major stronghold of the  thought to be impregnable; he captures the fortress a month later.
 * - defeats King  in a naval battle off of.
 * The, issued by King , defines the jurisdictions of church and state in , thereby limiting the church's judicial powers to ecclesiastical cases only.
 * The is passed in, reforming various laws; it includes the famous clause , considered one of the fundamental institutes of medieval law in England.
 * The romantic poem  is written (approximate date).
 * leads ese forces in victory over an invading  army.

Births

 * - of Japan (died )
 * -, English politician (died )
 * - King (died )
 * , sultan of Egypt (died )
 * , historian and political thinker of the (died )
 * (died )

Deaths

 * -, Grand Prince of Lithuania
 * -, King of Cyprus (born )
 * - King (born )
 * - King (born )
 * , German imposter
 * (born )
 * , French troubadour
 * King (born )
 * , French troubadour
 * King (born )