Roman Olgovich of Ryazan (1237-1270)

Roman Olgovich Roman Olgovich The Grand Duke of Ryazan 1258 -  1270 Predecessor:	Oleg Ingvarevich Red Successor:	Fyodor Romanovich Birth:	1237 Death:	19 July 1270 Sort by:	Svyatoslavichi Father:	Oleg Ingvarevich Red Spouse:	Anastasia Children:	Fedor, Yaroslav , Konstantin Commons-logo.svg Roman Olgovich on Wikimedia Commons Roman Olgovich ( 1237 - 19 July 1270 ) - Grand Duke of Ryazan (1258-1270), an Orthodox saint, the only son of Oleg Ingvarevich Red.

Contents 1	Biography 1.1	Early life 1.2	The Princedom 2	Honoring 3	Family and ancestors 4	References 5	References Biography Early years Prince Roman Ryazansky was born not long before the invasion of the Tatars on the Russian land, in 1237. According to the princely custom, his parents gave him the Slav name Yaroslav, and at christening they called him Roman. Childhood and youth of Roman fell to the very first period of the Mongol-Tatar yoke and this left an imprint on the fate of Roman. His father, Prince Oleg Ingvarevich, was captured by Batu. It is not known how the young prince Roman survived from the Tatars. There is a suggestion that he was taken away by the bishop of Ryazan Murom Euphrosyne Svyatogorets in Moore.

In 1252 his father, Oleg Ingvarevich Krasny, returned home after fourteen years of captivity , and in 1258 , feeling the approach of death, Prince Oleg was tonsured in the schema with the name of Kosma. He gave the throne to his son Roman and peacefully died.

Knocking Roman Olgovich sat on the throne after his father's death on March 20, 1258, Prince Roman joined the throne of the vast Ryazan principality, which at that time slowly recovered from the Tatar pogrom. Prince Roman Olgovich took over the administration of the principality and, during the twelve most difficult years of his reign, managed to keep the Ryazan lands from new ruin.

At that time Khan Berkay died in the Horde and Mengu-Timur reigned. Unquestioningly obeying Temir, the Ryazan prince fulfilled the demands of the new ruler. This went on for four years.

During the collection of tribute by the Horde Basques did not render them due assistance, sympathizing with the population of the principality. Tatar tribute collectors ( baskaks ) grudge against the prince, as he constantly kept them from violence, and stood up for the offended. In 1257 the Tatars adopted Mohammedanism, began to blaspheme the Christian faith and persuade the Russians to accept Islam. Ryazan baskak and the prince of Ryazan himself proposed to change the faith, but he was strongly refused. The daring speech of the prince led the arrogant Mongol into a rage. Wanting to take revenge, he informed the Khan of Temir that the Ryazan prince blasphemed the tsar and his faith. Once one of the Baskakovsreported to the Khan Meng-Temir that the pious Prince Roman blasphemes Khan and defames his pagan faith. There were people who confirmed the slander. Believing slander, Temir was angry at the prince and ordered him to immediately appear in the Horde.

Departing to the khan, the pious Prince Roman distributed among the sons the inheritance of his principality and communicated the Holy Christ's Secrets. In the Horde, the holy prince, according to the chronicler, in libel "was justified, but the baskak had many of the princes of Tatar, and they began to nudity him to their faith."

Khan Mengu-Timur summoned Roman Olgovich in 1270 to the Horde and ordered him to choose one of two: either martyrdom or Tatar faith. The prince replied that he, obedient to the will of God, obeys the khan's power, but no one will force him to change his faith. Tatars began to beat the prince, and then were cast into prison in chains. On the morning of July 19, he was taken to be executed. Roman Olgovich began to tell the assembled people, among whom there were many Russians, about the holiness of the faith of Christ - he was cut off by his tongue. Then they cut out their eyes, cut off their fingers and toes, cut off their ears and lips, nose, cut off their hands and feet [1]. " And as if the corpse remains one, they are the same skin from the head of it and a copy of the vozotkusha ."

Honoring Tradition says that the holy relics of the martyr Roman Ryazan were secretly transferred to Ryazan and reverenced to the ground with reverence. The burial place remained unknown. The church veneration of the pious Roman Prince in the face of the saints began immediately after his martyrdom. Contemporaries called him a new martyr and compared him with the great martyr Jacob Persian (+ 421, commemorated on November 27 ( December 10 ).) The chronicle speaks of the saint: "Buy a passion for the Kingdom of Heaven and a crown from the Lord's hand and his great prince Chernigov Mikhail Vsevolodovich, according to Christ for the Orthodox Christian faith. "

In 1812, on the day of the memory of the pious Prince Roman, the Russian troops won the first victory at Kljastitsy. In memory of this, the image of St. Prince Roman was painted on the wall of the Moscow church in honor of Christ the Savior.

According to legend, on the icons the prince was portrayed as follows: "The prince is not old, with hair blond, curly, falling on his shoulders with a thin wave, in a sable coat on his shoulders, in a velvet pendant; the right hand is stretched out for prayer, and the left one holds the city and the church. "

Since 1854, a religious procession and a moleben in the day of St. Roman's memory are being performed in Ryazan. In 1861, in Ryazan, a church dedicated to the pious Prince Roman was consecrated. At present, in the main altar of the Ryazan Cathedral of Boris and Gleb Cathedral there is a portable throne consecrated in the name of the holy Prince Roman of Ryazan. During the Divine Liturgy in this cathedral, along with the temple and rank troparia, the tropar is sung to the martyr Roman, the wise organizer of the Ryazan land, the prayer book, the confessor, the defender of the Orthodox faith.

At the death of his holy Roman began to show signs of his representation before God. On the day of the terrible invasion of the French by Russia, the Russians won the first victory over them at Klyastitsy on the day of the memory of the saint - July 19 ( 31 ),  1812. In memory of this event was painted the icon of St. Roman at the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Moscow. In 19 ( 31 ) on July  1853 year, the Archbishop of Ryazan and Zarayskiy Gabriel consecrated and handed the Ryazan militia 14 crusader banners. A sign of his patronage to the militia was revealed by the saint at the end of the year: the defenders of the Fatherland returned unscathed just in time for the memory of the holy martyr -On July 19 ( 31 ),  1854. The Most Reverend Gabriel, a zealous admirer of the memory of the saints, ordered in the processions to perform the moleben singing to Saint Roman as the defender of the Ryazan land, together with St. Basil, the first Bishop of Ryazan. Icons with the image of St. Roman began to decorate the temples.

The first icon, on which the passion-bearer Roman is depicted in height, was written and placed in the side-chapel of the Three Saints in the Vladimir Seminary Church. The second was written by the efforts of the philanthropist of the Church of the Savior-on-Yar of the merchant Mokiya Panova and donated to the cathedral in order to be worn during the processions and on July 19 they performed prayer services before her. This icon was painted by the artist of the Imperial Academy Nikolai Shumov.

The family of the artist herself experienced the effect of the prayers of the holy prince, the passion-bearer. In April 1864, a daughter was born in his family and was sick from the date of birth. Doctors declared the disease incurable. Then the artist in simplicity of heart turned to Prince Roman: "I arranged and decorated your temple - heal my daughter!" It was just on July 19, the day of the memory of the saint. The same day the doctor had a new medicine, and the girl recovered.

The first church in the name of the holy martyr Roman Ryazan was arranged by Archbishop Smaragd at the country cottage of the bishop's house in Novopavlovka, in memory of his arrival at the Ryazan chair on July 19 ( 31 ),  1858. September 20 ( October 2 ),  1861 Archbishop Smaragd, in memory of his 30-year service in the bishopric, himself solemnly consecrated the church and addressed to Prince Roman with awe, asking him to take under his protection the very temple-creator and all the inhabitants of Ryazan.

The memory of the Holy Prince Roman, the Passion-Bearer, is committed on July 19 ( August 1 ) - the day of the martyr's death of the saint.

Later was canonized by the Russian Orthodox Church. His memory as a martyr is honored on the day of his death - July 19.

On the 10th (23) of June, the faithful prince Oleg Pronsky (in the schema of Kosma) and the prince's wife - the pious princess Anastasia, are honored in the Ryazan land as well as the local saints, the father of the pious Prince Roman.

Family and ancestors Father : Oleg Ingvarevich Red (circa 1215-1258) - Grand Duke of Ryazan (1252-1258), a local saint.

Wife : Anastasia - came from the family of the Grand Duke of Kiev and was distinguished by sincere faith and charity.

Children :

Fedor (died 1294) - Prince of the Ryazan (1270-1294). Yaroslav (died 1299) - prince of prons (1270-1294), prince of the Ryazan (1294-1299). Constantine (died 1308) - prince of prons (1294-1299), prince of Ryazan (1299-1301), killed in Moscow captivity.

Ссылки

 * ЖИТИЕ СВЯТОГО БЛАГОВЕРНОГО КНЯЗЯ РОМАНА РЯЗАНСКОГО (память 19 июля/1 августа)
 * Роман Рязанский, образ на Храме Христа Спасителя