Kamrup district

Kamrup district (কামৰূপ গ্ৰাম্যাঞ্চল জিলা) is an administrative district in the state of Assam in India, named after Kamarupa, a name by which Assam was previously known in ancient times. The district, however, is now a small western part of Assam, with a distinctive native Kamrupi culture and dialect (both known as Kamrupi). The distinctive dialect etc. are, however, shared with the present administrative districts of Nalbari and Barpeta, these districts being part of an un-divided Kamrup before the 1980s.

History
It was originally a district of British India, in the Brahmaputra valley division of Eastern Bengal and Assam. The headquarters was at Guwahati. In the immediate neighbourhood of the Brahmaputra the land is low, and exposed to annual inundation. In this marshy tract reeds and canes flourish luxuriantly, and the only cultivation is that of rice. At a comparatively short distance from the river banks the ground begins to rise in undulating knolls towards the mountains of Bhutan on the north, and towards the Khasi hills on the south. The hills south of the Brahmaputra in some parts reach the height of 800 ft. The Brahmaputra, which divides the district into two nearly equal portions, is navigable by river steamers throughout the year, and receives several tributaries navigable by large native boats in the rainy season. The chief of these are the Manas, Chaul Khoya and Barnadi on the north, and the Kulsi and Dibru on the south bank. There is a government forest preserve in the district and also a plantation where seedlings of teak, sal, sissu, sum, and nahor are reared, and experiments are being made with the caoutchouc tree. The population is entirely rural, the only major town being Gauhati. The temples of Hajo and Kamakhya attract many pilgrims from all quarters. The people of Kamrup also donated a sacred Arya Avalokitesvara statue to Stakna Monastery in Ladakh. The staple crop of the district is rice, of which there are three crops. The indigenous manufactures are confined to the weaving of silk and cotton cloths for home use, and to the making of brass cups and plates. The cultivation and manufacture of tea by European capital is not very prosperous. The chief exports are rice, oilseeds, timber and cotton; the imports are fine rice, salt, piece goods, sugar, betelnuts, coconuts and hardware. A section of the Assam-Bengal railway starts from Guwahati, and a branch of the Eastern Bengal railway has recently been opened to the opposite bank of the river. A metalled road runs due south from Guwahati to Shillong.

During British rule, this settlement had been one of the peasant uprising center against Britishers.Armed peasants vowed to through British rule but eventually suppressed by British administration with iron fist.

Recent Reorganisation
After the census of 2001 the district has been divided between the Kamrup Metropolitan district and Kamrup District, the former comprising the metropolitan city of Guwahati and the latter the rest of the district.

Both of the district headquarters are located (rather side by side) in the heart of the city of Guwahati. This pair of districts occupies a total area of 4345 km² and has a population of 2,522,324(as of 2001).Hindus 1,836,153, Muslims 625,002 (24.77%). The metropolitan district population is somewhere around a million.