Ohio

Ohio (, (non-standard)) is  a   of the. Part of the, Ohio has long been a cultural and geographical crossroads. At the time of European contact and in the years that followed, in today's Ohio included the, , and. Beginning in the 1700s, the area was settled by people from, the Middle States, Appalachia, and the upper south.

Prior to 1984, the considered Ohio part of the North Central Region. That region was renamed "Midwest" and split into two divisions. Ohio is now in the division. Ohio also has the highest density of population of any state not on the.

Ohio was the first state admitted to the Union under the. Its is OH; its old-style abbreviation was O. Natives of Ohio are known as Ohioans.

Etymology
The name "Ohio" derives from the word ohi:yo’, meaning "beautiful river" or "large creek", which was originally the name of both the  and.

Native Americans
After the so-called, the powerful confederation of the -area claimed much of the Ohio country as a hunting and, probably most importantly, a beaver-trapping ground. After the devastation of epidemics and war in the mid-1600s, which had largely emptied the Ohio country of indigenous people by the mid-to-late seventeenth century, the land gradually became repopulated by the mostly -speaking descendants of its ancient inhabitants, that is, descendants of the, , and cultures. Many of these Ohio-country nations were multi-ethnic and sometimes multi-linguistic societies born out of the earlier devastation brought about by disease, subsequent social instability,. They subsisted on agriculture (, s, s, etc.) supplemented by seasonal hunts. By the 1650s they were very much part of a larger global economy brought about by fur trade.

The indigenous nations to inhabit Ohio in the historical period (most clearly after 1700), included the (a large confederation),  (made up of refugees, especially from the fractured  confederacy),  (pushed west from their historic homeland in New Jersey), s (also pushed west, although they may be descended from the  people of Ohio),  (more commonly associated with the upper Great Lakes region), s (like the Wyandot, a recently-formed composite of refugees from Iroquois and other societies), and  (gradually absorbed into the new, multi-ethnic "republics," namely the Wyandot).

Ohio country was also the site of Indian massacres, such as the Yellow Creek Massacre and.

Colonial and Revolutionary Eras
During the 18th century, the set up a system of trading posts to control the  in the region.

In 1754, France and fought a war known in the United States as the. As a result of the, the French ceded control of Ohio and the rest of the to Great Britain. in the 1760s challenged British military control, which ended with the American victory in the. In the in 1783 Britain ceded all claims to Ohio to the United States.

Northwest Territory: 1787-1803
The created the  under the  of 1787. Slavery was not permitted. Settlement began with the founding of by the, which had been formed by a group of American Revolutionary War veterans. Following the Ohio Company, the (also referred to as the "") claimed the southwestern section and the  surveyed and settled the  in present-day. The old Northwest Territory originally included areas that had previously been known as and. As Ohio prepared for statehood, was created, reducing the Northwest Territory to approximately the size of present-day Ohio plus the eastern half of the  and the eastern tip of the.

Under the, any of the states to be formed out of the Northwest Territory would be admitted as a state once the population exceeded 60,000. Although Ohio's population numbered only 45,000 in December 1801, determined that the population was growing rapidly and Ohio could begin the path to statehood with the assumption that it would exceed 60,000 residents by the time it would become a state.

Statehood: 1803 - present
Eight U.S. presidents hailed from Ohio at the time of their elections, giving rise to the nickname "Mother of Presidents", a sobriquet it shares with. Seven presidents were born in Ohio, making it second to Virginia's eight, but Virginia-born and his grandson,, (who also lived part of his adult life in Indiana) settled in, led their political careers from and/or were buried in , on the family compound, founded by William's father-in-law.

In 1835, Ohio fought a mostly bloodless boundary war with over the Toledo Strip known as the. Congress intervened and, as a condition for admittance as a state of the Union, Michigan was forced to accept the western two-thirds of the, in addition to the eastern third that was already part of the state, in exchange for giving up its claim to the Toledo Strip. (A war between two states may be unusual, but the Toledo War is not unique; Pennsylvania and Maryland fought over a border dispute a century earlier.)

Ohio's central position and its population gave it an important place during the Civil War, and the Ohio River was a vital artery for troop and supply movements, as were Ohio's railroads. At the end of the Civil War, three top Union generals were all from Ohio: Grant, Sherman, and Sheridan. Ohio also contributed more soldiers per-capita than any other state in the Union.

In 1912 a Constitutional Convention was held with as Secretary. The result reflected the concerns of the Progressive Era. It introduced the initiative and the referendum, allowed the General Assembly to put questions on the ballot for the people to ratify laws and constitutional amendments originating in the Legislature as well. Under the Jeffersonian principle that laws should be reviewed once a generation, the constitution provided for a recurring question to appear on Ohio's general election ballots every 20 years. The question asks whether a new convention is required. Although the question has appeared in 1932, 1952, 1972, and 1992, it has never been approved. Instead constitutional amendments have been proposed by petition to the legislature hundreds of times and adopted in a majority of cases.

On,  signed an act of Congress that approved Ohio's boundaries and constitution. However, Congress had never passed a resolution formally admitting Ohio as the 17th state. The current custom of Congress declaring an official date of statehood did not begin until 1812, with 's admission as the 18th state. Although no formal resolution of admission was required, when the oversight was discovered in 1953, Ohio congressman introduced a bill in Congress to admit Ohio to the Union retroactive to. At a special session at the old state capital in, the Ohio state legislature approved a new petition for statehood that was delivered to Washington, D.C. on horseback. On  (the year of Ohio's 150th anniversary),  signed an act that officially declared   the date of Ohio's admittance into the Union.

Law and government
Ohio's is, located close to the center of the state. The executive branch is made up of six officers: and, , , , and. took office as governor in January 2007. The legislative branch of Ohio government, the, is made up of two houses--the , which has 33 members, and the , which has 99 members.The judicial branch is headed by the , which has one chief justice and six associate justices.

In the United States federal government, Ohio has 18 seats in the.

Geography


Ohio's geographic location has proved to be an asset for economic growth and expansion. Because Ohio links the Northeast to the Midwest, much cargo and business traffic passes through its borders on its well-developed highways. Ohio has the nation's 10th largest highway network, and is within a one-day drive of 50% of North America's population and 70% of North America's manufacturing capacity. To the North, gives Ohio 312 miles (502 km) of coastline, which allows for numerous seaports. Ohio's southern border is defined by the (with the border being at the 1793 low-water mark on the north side of the river), and much of the northern border is defined by Lake Erie. Ohio's neighbors are to the east,  to the northwest,  to the north,  to the west,  on the south, and  on the southeast.

Ohio's borders were defined by in the  as follows:

Bounded on the east by the Pennsylvania line, on the south by the Ohio River, to the mouth of the, on the west by the line drawn due north from the mouth of the Great Miami aforesaid, and on the north by an east and west line drawn through the southerly extreme of, running east after intersecting the due north line aforesaid, from the mouth of the Great Miami until it shall intersect Lake Erie or the territorial line, and thence with the same through Lake Erie to the Pennsylvania line aforesaid.

Note that Ohio is bounded by the Ohio River, but nearly all of the river itself belongs to Kentucky and West Virginia. In 1980, the held that, based on the wording of the cessation of territory by  (which, at that time included what is now Kentucky and West Virginia), the boundary between Ohio and Kentucky (and by implication, West Virginia) is the northern low-water mark of the river as it existed in 1792. Ohio has only that portion of the river between the river's 1792 low-water mark and the present high-water mark.

The border with Michigan has also changed, as a result of the Toledo War, to angle slightly northeast to the north shore of the mouth of the Maumee River.

Much of Ohio features glaciated plains, with an exceptionally flat area in the northwest being known as the. This glaciated region in the northwest and central state is bordered to the east and southeast first by a belt known as the, and then by another belt known as the. Most of Ohio is of low relief, but the unglaciated Allegheny Plateau features rugged hills and forests.

The rugged southeastern quadrant of Ohio, stretching in an outward bow-like arc along the Ohio River from the West Virginia Panhandle to the outskirts of Cincinnati, forms a distinct socio-economic unit. Known somewhat erroneously as Ohio's "Appalachian Counties" (they are actually in the Allegheny Plateau), this area's mining legacy, dependence on small pockets of old manufacturing establishments, and even distinctive regional dialect set this section off from the rest of the state and, unfortunately, create a limited opportunity to participate in the generally high economic standards of Ohio. In 1965 the passed the Appalachian Regional Development Act, at attempt to "address the persistent poverty and growing economic despair of the Appalachian Region." This act defines 29 Ohio counties as part of Appalachia. While 1/3 of Ohio's land mass is part of the federally defined Appalachian region, only 12.8% of Ohioans live there (1.476 million people.)

Significant rivers within the state include the, , , , and. The rivers in the northern part of the state drain into the northern via  and the, and the rivers in the southern part of the state drain into the  via the  and then the. The worst weather disaster in Ohio history occurred along the Great Miami River in 1913. Known as the, the entire Miami River watershed flooded, including the downtown business district of. As a result, the was created as the first major flood plain engineering project in Ohio and the United States.

in the west central part of the state was constructed as a supply of water for s in the canal-building era of 1820–1850. For many years this body of water, over 20 square miles (52 km²), was the largest artificial lake in the world. It should be noted that Ohio's canal-building projects were not the economic fiasco that similar efforts were in other states. Some cities, such as Dayton, owe their industrial emergence to location on canals, and as late as 1910 interior canals carried much of the bulk freight of the state.

Climate
The climate of Ohio is a ( Dfa) throughout most of the state except in the extreme southern counties of Ohio's  section which are located on the northern periphery of the  and  region of the United States. Summers are hot and humid throughout the State, while winters are generally cool to cold. Precipitation is moderate year-round. Severe weather is not uncommon in the State as it is a battleground between cold air and warm  air for much of the year, although there are fewer es in Ohio than in states more to the west. Severe storms are also not uncommon on the southeast shore of, which also provides a moderating effect on the climate there.

Although predominantly not in a subtropical climate, some warmer-climate flora and fauna does reach well into Ohio. For instance, a number of trees with more southern ranges, such as the, Quercus marilandica, are found at their northerlymost in Ohio just north of the Ohio River. Also evidencing this climatic transition from a to, several plants such as the Southern magnolia ,  (mimosa), , and even the occasional  are hardy landscape materials regularly used as street, yard, and garden plantings in the  of Ohio; but these same plants will simply not thrive in much of the rest of the State. This interesting change may be observed while traveling through Ohio on Interstate 75 from to ; the observant traveler of this diverse state may even catch a glimpse of Cincinnati's common, one of the few examples of permanent "subtropical" fauna in Ohio.

In the state of Ohio, the overall temperature is very warm. Most of the state is in the humid continental climate. Ohio's summers average in the upper 80's or lower 90's for much of the state. Ohio's winters are very cold which average in the mid to upper 30's. Excessive heat warnings and flash flood warnings are not uncommon to the state of Ohio in the summer. And you should expect heavy snow and cold temperatures in the winter, especially if you live in the southeast border of Lake Erie, the lake effect is the most severe in that particular part of the state.

Records
The highest recorded temperature was 113 °F (45 °C), near on. The lowest recorded temperature was -39 °F (-39 °C), at on.

Important cities
City and metropolitan data are from the US Census Bureau's 2006 estimates:

is the capital of Ohio, near the geographic center of the state. Other Ohio cities functioning as centers of s include (home of ),  (home of, , and ),  (home of ),  (home of ),  (home of ),  (home of ),  (home of ),  (home of ),  (home of ),  (home of ), and  (home of ).

Note: The Cincinnati metropolitan area extends into Kentucky and Indiana, and the Youngstown metropolitan area extends into Pennsylvania.

Economy
Ohio is a major producer of machines, s and products,, processed foods, tools, and other. This is not immediately obvious because Ohio specializes in capital goods (goods used to make other goods, such as s, automobile parts, industrial chemicals, and ). Nevertheless, there are well known Ohio consumer items including some products,  s and, and  paints.

There are also numerous automobile plants in Ohio that manufacture cars, most notably the plant in, where the vehicles have been made since their initial release in. ,, and also have or had automobile plants in Ohio; in the case of the latter, one of their plants in Ohio (, near ) is located right off the  with its own exit.

Ohio is the site of the invention of the, resulting from the experiments of the in Dayton. ( located in Dayton is named in their honor.) Production of aircraft in the USA is now centered elsewhere, but a large experimental and design facility, has been located near Dayton and serves in the co-ordination of production of US military aircraft. On the base are located and, where many of the earliest aerodynamic experiments of the Wright brothers were performed. Ohio today also has many aerospace, defense, and parts and systems suppliers scattered throughout the state.

As part of the, agriculture also plays an important role in the state's economy. There is also a small sector on Lake Erie, and the principal catch is. In addition, Ohio's historical attractions, varying landscapes, and recreational opportunities are the basis for a thriving. Over 2,500 lakes and 43,000 s (70,000 ) of river landscapes are a paradise for boaters, fishermen, and swimmers. Three major amusement parks,, , and , are also important to the tourism industry. Of special historical interest are the archaeological sites&mdash;including  and other sites.

The estimates that Ohio's gross state product in 2004 was $419 billion. Per capita personal income in 2003 was $30,129, 25th in the nation. Ohio's agricultural outputs are s, products,, es, , , , and s. Its industrial outputs are transportation equipment, fabricated metal products, machinery, food processing, and  equipment.

Ohio is recognized for its health care, due to several flagship hospitals that operate in the northeast region of the state. The, ranked among the three leading hospitals in the U.S., has its world headquarters and main campus in Cleveland. Its partner, the health system, includes the Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, ranked among the top ten children's hospitals in the country. Cincinnati Children's Hospital is the leading center for research into childhood diseases in the state.

Demographics
, Ohio has an estimated population of 11,478,006, which is an increase of 7,321 from the prior year and an increase of 124,861 since the year 2000. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 263,004 people (that is 938,169 births minus 675,165 deaths) and a decrease from net migration of -145,718. from outside the United States contributed of a growth of 92,101 people, most coming from Asia, yet net migration within the country resulted in a decrease of 237,819 people. Ohio has witnessed an increase in the and  populations, as well as  and.

The of Ohio is also located in, in the county seat of.

As of 2004, Ohio's population included about 390,000 foreign-born (3.4%).

The largest ancestry groups in Ohio are (25.2%),  (12.7%),  (11.5%),  (9.2%),  (8.5%), and  (6.0%).

German is the largest reported ancestry in most of the counties in Ohio, especially in the northwest and in the extreme southwest. Ohioans who cited and  are present throughout the state as well, particularly in the south-central part of the state. The cities of Cleveland, Cincinnati, and Dayton have large communities. The cities of Cleveland and Toledo have sizable populations, while the Cleveland and Columbus areas have the largest  populations. Greater Cleveland is home to a notably large community. Other Ohio cities, such as Cincinnati, also have sizable Jewish populations.

6.6% of Ohio's population were reported as under 5, 25.4% under 18, and 13.3% were 65 or older. Females made up approximately 51.4% of the population.

Political demographics and history
Politically, Ohio is considered a.  notes that, "This slice of the mid-west contains a bit of everything American—part north-eastern and part southern, part urban and part rural, part hardscrabble poverty and part booming suburb,"

The mixture of urban and rural areas, and the presence of both large blue-collar industries and significant white-collar commercial districts leads to a balance of and  population that (together with the state's 20 electoral votes, more than most swing states) makes the state very important to the outcome of national elections. Ohio was a deciding state in the between  and. Bush narrowly won the state's 20 electoral votes by a margin of 2 percentage points and 50.8% of the vote. The state supported  in  and, but supported  George W. Bush in  and 2004. Ohio was also a deciding factor in the when Democrat  defeated Republican  (who had won the state four years earlier) and in the  when Democrat  defeated Republican  by a slim margin in Ohio and took the election.

Ohio's demographics cause many to consider the state as a microcosm of the nation as a whole. A Republican presidential candidate has never won the White House without winning Ohio, and Ohio has gone to the winner of the election in all but two contests since 1892, backing only losers in  (Ohio's  was his running mate) and  in. Consequently, the state is very important to the campaigns of both major. Ohio had 20 electoral votes in the in 2004.

Many political analysts divide the state into five distinct regions: a central region and one in each corner. These regions are as different from each other as most states, and the largest (northeast) is only twice the size of the smallest (southeast). The northeast, including Cleveland, Youngstown, Lorain/Elyria, and other industrial areas, votes solidly Democrat largely due to its traditionally strong unions. The northwest is largely farmland with a few small manufacturing cities such as Toledo and Lima, and leans slightly Republican. The southwest is the most heavily Republican part of the state, especially in the suburbs in between Dayton and Cincinnati. Libertarian candidates also run surprisingly strongly in this area. The Appalachian regions in the Southeast are a swing bloc, tending to favor the candidates who have strong economic agendas. The central part of the state, consisting of Columbus and its suburbs, is typical of many newly large cities: a poor urban Democratic core surrounded by a rich suburban Republican ring.

Ohio is known as the "Modern Mother of Presidents", having sent eight of its native sons to the White House. Seven of them were Republicans, and the other was a member of the.

"Ohio has excelled as a recruiting-ground for national political leaders. Between the and 1920, seven Ohioans were elected to the presidency, ending with 's election in 1920. At the same time, six Ohioans sat on the  and two served as ....'Not since the  dynasty dominated national government during the early years of the Republic' notes historian R. Douglas Hurt, 'had a state made such a mark on national political affairs.'

Ohioans dominated national politics for seventy years, because Ohio was to a large extent a microcosm of the nation. Hurt writes that the elements of that microcosm were 'the diversity of the people, the strength of the industrial and agricultural economy, and the balance between rural and urban populations.' He continues: 'The individuals who played major roles in national affairs appealed to broad national constituencies because they learned their skills in Ohio, where political success required candidates to reconcile wide differences among the voters. Ohioans were northerners and southerners as well as easterners and westerners. Consequently, Ohio's politicians addressed constituencies that were the same as those across the nation.' Finally, the pragmatic and centrist character of Ohio politics, Hurt asserts, has made it 'job-oriented rather than issue oriented.'"

Education
Ohio's system of is outlined in the 's Article VI and Title XXXIII of the. Ohio's system is substantially similar to '. Ohio has a, a , and then nearly 700 districts that have their own boards of education and administrations. The governs and assists with Ohio's system of, especially public s and.

Colleges and universities

 * 13 state
 * , (the largest university in the United States)
 * (note: the is not one of Ohio's state universities; it is a private,  university run by the )
 * , (the largest university in the United States)
 * (note: the is not one of Ohio's state universities; it is a private,  university run by the )
 * , (the largest university in the United States)
 * (note: the is not one of Ohio's state universities; it is a private,  university run by the )
 * , (the largest university in the United States)
 * (note: the is not one of Ohio's state universities; it is a private,  university run by the )
 * , (the largest university in the United States)
 * (note: the is not one of Ohio's state universities; it is a private,  university run by the )
 * (note: the is not one of Ohio's state universities; it is a private,  university run by the )
 * (note: the is not one of Ohio's state universities; it is a private,  university run by the )
 * (note: the is not one of Ohio's state universities; it is a private,  university run by the )
 * (note: the is not one of Ohio's state universities; it is a private,  university run by the )


 * 24 state university branch and regional campuses
 * 46 liberal arts s and universities
 * 6 free-standing state-assisted s
 * (formerly Medical University of Ohio)
 * 2 private medical schools
 * 15 community colleges
 * 8 technical colleges
 * over 24 independent colleges
 * Ohio has 2 colleges in the top 40 in the nation:, and.
 * 2 private medical schools
 * 15 community colleges
 * 8 technical colleges
 * over 24 independent colleges
 * Ohio has 2 colleges in the top 40 in the nation:, and.
 * over 24 independent colleges
 * Ohio has 2 colleges in the top 40 in the nation:, and.

Libraries
Ohio is home to some of the nation's highest-ranking public libraries. The 2006 study by Thomas J. Hennen Jr. ranked Ohio as number one in a state-by-state comparison. For 2006, Ohio's three largest library systems were all ranked in the top ten for American cities of 500,000 or more:
 * (first)
 * (third)
 * The (eighth)

The is an organization that provides Ohio residents with  access to their 251 public libraries. OPLIN also provides Ohioans with free home access to high-quality, subscription research databases.

Ohio also offers the program, allowing Ohio's libraries (particularly those from colleges and universities) access to materials in other libraries. The program is largely successful in allowing researchers access to books and other media that might not otherwise be available.

Professional
The first openly all-professional sports team called Ohio home; baseball's, formed in. Today, Ohio is home to many professional sports teams, including six franchises.

Ohio is currently the only state to have teams in each of the major leagues where no one city or metro area could lay claim to the "," though Cleveland briefly held this status from 1976 to 1978. Current teams in the "big four" include:









Additionally, the is a charter member of  and is noted for both its strong, stable fan base and, the first  in the United States.

The Browns and Bengals have an instate rivalry now tied at 38 wins a piece after the Browns beat the Bengals in September of 2007. The Browns however consider the their arch rival; that rivalry is the oldest in the  (AFC). The Browns won all 4 Championships before joining the NFL in 1950. They won 4 NFL Championships before the advent of the, most recently a 10-7 win over the heavily favored in the 1964 Championship game.

Outside of Cincinnati-Dayton area, football fan loyalties in Ohio are said to be "down with the Browns." The Bengals fan base is more concentrated in southwest Ohio and most of eastern and central Kentucky. The Steelers fan base within Ohio is on the border, particularly the  and -- areas. (The Steelers actually played a few home games in Youngstown in the 1930's so as not to compete too much with the then-more popular .) The also enjoy a small following in the Youngstown area as the team's owners,  &  are based out of the Youngstown suburb of.

In contrast to the Browns-Bengals rivalry, Reds-Indians fan bases are split more or less evenly within the state, with the north and east sides of the state being Indian territory and the south and west comprising Reds land. The have a sizable minority of fans in northwest Ohio, thanks to Toledo's proximity to Detroit, the Toledo Mud Hens' historical status as the Tigers' top farm club for much of their history and once-regular broadcasts of Tigers games on Toledo television.

The Cavaliers, as Ohio's only NBA franchise, command NBA fan loyalties statewide. Their recent success and the play of Akron native have greatly raised the team's profile both within the rest of Ohio and nationwide.

While the Blue Jackets are Ohio's only NHL franchise, they have yet to establish a strong tradition and following outside Columbus and the continue to maintain a sizable fan base in northwest Ohio.

Former major league teams:
 * (NL)(-)
 * (NL) (-)
 * (-NL) (-)
 * (NFL) (-)
 * (NBA) (-)
 * (NHL) (-)
 * The rival, considered by some a major professional sports league, had two Ohio teams, the (-) and the  (-).

College & High School
Ohio is also known for being full of rabid fans of college and high school football. Ohio State is the 5th winningest program in NCAA history and has 7 National Championships and 7 Heisman Trophy winners. Cincinnati, Akron, Ohio, Miami University, Bowling Green, Toledo and Kent State all also compete in Division I Football Bowl Subdivison, the highest level of College Football. Toledo holds one of the nation's longest Division I football winning streaks, winning 35 consecutive games from 1969 to 1971 under quarterback Chuck Ealey. Youngstown State is a perennial power in Division I Football Championship Subdivision having won 4 I-AA Championships under current Ohio State Coach Jim Tressel. Mount Union College is the dynasty of Division III college football with 11 National Championships and a record 62 game winning streak at one point.

in Massillon has won 9 high school football national championship polls and 31 state championships. is rising to be a dynasty in its own right, and is scheduled to face Massillon at Cleveland Browns Stadium in 2008.

Transportation
Many major east-west transportation corridors go through Ohio. One of those pioneer routes, known in the early 1900s as "Ohio Market Route 3", was chosen in 1913 to become part of the historic which was the first road across, connecting  to. In Ohio, the Lincoln Highway linked many towns and cities together, including, , , and. The arrival of the Lincoln Highway to Ohio was a major influence on the development of the state. Upon the advent of the federal numbered highway system in 1926, the Lincoln Highway through Ohio became.

Ohio also is home to 228 mi of the Historic.

Ohio has a highly developed network of roads and interstate highways. Major east-west through routes include the (/) in the north,  through  to,  (the ) a bit further south through , , , and ,  through  and , and the  (Ohio 32) running from  to. Major north-south routes include in the west through, , and Cincinnati,  through the middle of the state from  through  and  into , and  in the eastern part of the state from Cleveland through , ,  and  down into West Virginia. Interstate 75 between Cincinnati & Dayton is one of the heaviest section of traveled interstate in Ohio.

Air travel includes, which is a major hub for , as well as (located in the state of Kentucky), which is a major hub for. Other major airports are located in, , , and.

State symbols

 * (1987)
 * (1933)
 * Scarlet (1904)
 * Large white trillium (1986)
 * (1975)
 * "" (1969)
 * "" (1985)
 * (1953)
 * (1985)
 * (1965)
 * (1995)
 * Ohio (1965)
 * "With God all things are possible." (1959)
 * State herb capital: (1972)
 * Slogans
 * "Ohio, the heart of it all!" Used on Ohio's license plates and welcome signs between the years 1985-2001 (license plates) and 1991-2005 (welcome signs).The connotation being that the state's shape resembles a heart symbol -- and also that most people consider Ohio the beginning of the US Heartland..
 * "Ohio, so much to discover." Adopted as part of state bicentennial campaign. Also used on welcome signs since 2001, although the signs on I-75 still were the blue "The Heart of It All Signs" until August of 2005)
 * "Birthplace Of Aviation" Used on Ohio license plates and welcome signs since 2001. It also appears similarly in Ohio's design for the  program with the addition of the word "Pioneers".
 * "The Buckeye State" Common state nickname (Ohio residents are often called buckeyes)
 * The SSBN program and the first ship of the program, the  (SSBN-726), were named after Ohio.
 * The SSBN program and the first ship of the program, the  (SSBN-726), were named after Ohio.

There has been an attempt to make the the, but this has been blocked by others who wish to make the  the state fruit. This has resulted in a bumper sticker that may often be seen in southeastern Ohio saying "I'm pro-pawpaw - and I vote!"