1253

War and politics

 * - is crowned as King of.
 * July - defeats the  army at.
 * A series of begins between the  s of  and, which will continue sporadically until.
 * King meets with  nobles and church leaders to reaffirm the validity of the.
 * returns to, having left nine years earlier in to depose , and being unable to return until after Frederick's death due to the agitation throughout Europe caused by that action.
 * Having rebuffed the armed forces of, Pope Innocent IV offers to Edmund, son of King.
 * becomes a vassal state to the expanding.

Culture

 * writes , a work on history.
 * The, the earliest important structure in the  style of , is completed in , Italy.
 * is built in,.
 * The, a building and institution in for s who had converted to , is established by King.
 * was founded by.

Asia

 * -, a ese monk, declares his attention to preach the  and  as the true Buddhism, essentially founding the branch of Buddhism now known as.
 * May - King dispatches  from  on a missionary journey to convert the  of central and eastern Asia. Later that year, William records the first recorded meeting between an s and.
 * The launches attacks on the  cities of  and.
 * The Mongol Empire destroys the (Yunnan) in  and incorporates the region into their empire.
 * introduces the  song and dance suite to the.
 * The Baoyou begins in the Southern  of.
 * Mongols defeats the confederacy.

Births

 * - Saint, French canon lawyer
 * (died )
 * (died )

Deaths

 * -, Japanese founder of the Soto school of Zen Buddhism
 * - (born )
 * -, Italian follower of (born )
 * -, English statesman and theologian
 * Saint
 * King (born )
 * (born )
 * (born )