Kinross-shire

Kinross-shire, officially the County of Kinross, was a of. Its was. To the north it bordered, to the east and south , and to the west. Abolished in 1975, it became part of the former. Since 1996 it has been part of.

The county was dominated by, a large inland , with 2 islands and home to an internationally important. One of the islands contains a castle, where was once held prisoner. Much of the land in Kinross–shire is fertile agricultural land and most of the inhabitants were originally employed on the land. The gently-rolling farmland surrounding gives way to steep, more rugged terrain.

The sherrifdom of Kinross was formed in the thirteenth century when the two parishes of Kinross and Orwell were removed from the area of Fife. From 1426 the county returned one member to the. Cleish, Portmoak and Tullibole were added by in 1685.

The county suffered a decline in population in the 19th century as its inhabitants migrated to the city to find work in manufacturing etc. The had created a joint county council for  and Kinross. The 1971 census recorded a population of 6,423 in the county.

The county became something of a backwater, as the railways were closed in the postwar years. However, in recent years, construction of the M90 motorway north of the Forth Road Bridge has resulted in the area becoming more prominent. Tourism has increased, with visitors attracted by the unspoiled country villages and gently rolling hills reaching the shores of. The villages of and  are attractive, and there are ancient standing stones at Orwell.

Burgh of Kinross
Kinross-shire contained only one burgh, Kinross. The burgh was originally created a in 1540/1 and became a burgh of regality in 1685. In 1864 it became a police burgh with an elected town council. It continued to exist until 1975.

Civil parishes
The county was anciently divided into a number of parishes: Cleish, Orwell (containing the market town of ), Kinross and Portmoak were entirely in Kinross-shire. The parishes of Arngask, Fossoway and Tulliebole and were partly in Perthshire. From 1845 they were used for local government purposes and governed by parochial boards.

The created a boundary commission to ensure that all civil parishes lay within a single county. After the boundary changes the county contained five parishes: Fossoway (No. 1 on map), Orwell (2), Kinross (3), Portmoak (4) and Cleish (5).

From 1894 elected parish councils replaced the parochial boards. These in turn were abolished in 1930, and the powers they had exercised passed to the county council.

Parliamentary constituency
Following the, Kinross-shire returned members to the of the  from 1708. Due to the small population of the county, it was never a constituency in its own right.

From 1708 - 1832 Kinross-shire and Clackmannanshire were alternating counties, a member being returned for one county at one parliament and for the other at the next.

The merged the two counties into a single parliamentary county of.

In 1918, House of Commons seats were redistributed, and Kinross-shire was combined with part of Perthshire to form the constituency of. This constituency continued in existence until 1983.

Coat of arms
The Kinross County Council received a grant of arms from King of Arms on,. The arms depict on an island (although the blazon simply describes it as a "castle"). The motto adopted was for all time: at the time of the grant the county council was campaigning to retain the separate existence of the county.

When District Council was granted arms in, the Kinross-shire arms were placed on an inescutcheon, or small shield, in the centre of the new arms. These arms continue in use by the current Perth and Kinross Council.