Schleswig, Schleswig-Holstein

Schleswig (Slesvig; South Jutlandic: Sljasvig, archaic Sleswick; Sleswig) is a town in the northeastern part of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is the capital of the Kreis (district) Schleswig-Flensburg. It has a population of about 27,000, the main industries being leather and food processing. It takes its name from the Schlei, an inlet of the Baltic sea at the end of which it sits, and "vik" or "vig" which means bay in the old Viking language and modern Danish language. Schleswig or Slesvig therefore means bay of the Schlei. (There is also a suggestion that the state's namesake and the term Slesvig originated from a tribe of West Slavs who lived in "Slavsvick" between the 5th century and 10th century AD.)

Geography
The city lies at the western end of the Schlei Förde, which separates the two peninsulas of Angeln and Schwansen and is on the western edge of the Schleswig-Holstein Uplands on the transition to the Geest country. The urban area ranges from 0 to 20 m above sea level. Brautsee (lake) is in the town.

The nearest major cities are Flensburg, Husum and Kiel. Autobahn 7 runs immediately west of the city. Highways 76 and 77 end in Schleswig and B 201 runs to the north of the town. Schleswig station is a stop for InterCity and Intercity-Express trains and is on the Hamburg–Neumünster–Flensburg and Husum–Kiel lines.

Climate
The climate is humid and maritime. The annual mean temperature is 8°C and rainfall averages 814 mm.

History
The Viking settlement of Hedeby, located south of the modern town, was first mentioned in 804. It was a powerful settlement in the Baltic region, dominating the area for more than 200 years. In 1050, following several destructions, the population was moved to the opposite shore of the Schlei, becoming the city of Schleswig. In 1066 Hedeby was finally destroyed, and Schleswig remained as a part of the Danish kingdom.

In 1544 the castle Gottorf became the residence of the local rulers. The dukes of Gottorf were vassals of the Danish kings and ruled over much of present day Schleswig-Holstein. In 1721, when the Great Northern War ended, the dukes of Gottorf lost their power and their land became Danish crown land. After the Second Schleswig War (1864), Schleswig was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia.

Sights



 * Schleswig Cathedral (1134), with the tomb of King Frederick I of Denmark
 * Gottorp Castle (built 1161), former residence of the dukes, with the baroque Neuwerk garden, containing a replica of the Globe of Gottorf
 * Holm: old fishing village at the Schlei shore
 * Hedeby, Viking settlement

Notable residents

 * Herman Wilhelm Bissen (1798–1868), sculptor
 * Ulrich von Brockdorff-Rantzau (1869–1928), politician
 * Jan-Ingwer Callsen-Bracker (b. 1984), footballer
 * Asmus Jakob Carstens (1754–1798), painter
 * Jobst Hirscht (b. 1948), athlete
 * Hermann-Bernhard Ramcke (1889–1968), General
 * Ralf Rothmann (b. 1953), novelist
 * Edward Selig Salomon (1836–1913), General in the American Civil War and Governor of Washington Territory (1870–1872)
 * Hans von Seeckt (1866–1936), General